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 This is not the same avian influenza virus that has caused human
infections in Africa, Asia and Europe. Migrating birds are believed
to be responsible for some of the virus' spread and researchers are
still studying how it is reaching poultry farms.
In the current outbreak, the U.S. Department of Agriculture has
confirmed bird flu in 16 states so far.
Four states (Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and Nebraska) have declared
an emergency response to deal with the outbreak. The H5N2 virus so
far has been found in 14 states, mostly in the Midwest, but ranging
from Arkansas to Oregon. The H5N8 virus has appeared in California,
Idaho, Indiana, Oregon and Washington.
In Canada, the H5N2 strain was confirmed in Ontario and British
Columbia, and the H5N1 strain was confirmed in British Columbia.
Dozens of countries have imposed total or partial bans on U.S.
poultry and egg imports since the outbreak of what is called highly
pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI).
Each of the top 10 importers has introduced restrictions. Total bans
have been imposed by China, South Korea and Angola, whose markets
were valued at nearly $700 million last year.
Following are facts about the U.S. poultry market from the USDA, the
U.S. Poultry and Egg Association and company filings.
TOP U.S. POULTRY PRODUCING STATES
Broiler chickens in 2014
Georgia: 1.414 billion, 15.5 pct of U.S. total
Alabama: 1.140 billion, 12.5 pct
Arkansas: 1.029 billion, 11.3 pct
North Carolina: 855 million, 9.4 pct
Mississippi: 778 million, 8.5 pct
U.S. total: 9.134 billion
Meat-producing turkeys in 2014
Minnesota: 45 million, 19.1 pct of U.S. total
Arkansas: 29 million, 12.3 pct
North Carolina: 28 million, 11.9 pct
Indiana: 19 million, 8.1 pct
Missouri: 16 million, 6.8 pct
U.S. total: 235 million
Egg production in 2014
Iowa: 16.449 billion, 16.5 pct of U.S. total
Ohio: 8.731 billion, 8.8 pct
Indiana: 7.747 billion, 7.8 pct
Pennsylvania: 7.570 billion, 7.6 pct
Texas: 5.109 billion, 5.1 pct
U.S. total: 99.768 billion
TOP 5 U.S. POULTRY AND EGG MARKETS AND THEIR IMPORT RESTRICTIONS
1. MEXICO ($1.47 billion in U.S. imports in 2014)
Mostly imports poultry meat and eggs, as well as fertilized eggs for
hatching. Currently banning imports of fresh and frozen poultry and
poultry products from birds originating from, slaughtered or
processed in 10 affected states, including all eight states where
outbreaks have occurred in commercial flocks. Exceptions for raw
poultry shipped for thermal processing or heat treatment in Mexico.
The country expanded the ban last week to live birds and eggs from
Iowa.
2. CANADA ($741 million)
Banning imports of raw poultry and products from or near affected
counties in seven states and all counties in six other states. Also
barring imports of certain processed products.
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3. HONG KONG ($573 million)
Banning imports of poultry meat and poultry meat products from birds
raised, processed, slaughtered or shipped from affected counties in
13 affected states on or after specific dates. Fully cooked or heat
treated products exempt.
4. CHINA ($317 million)
All U.S. poultry and products banned since January 2015.
5. ANGOLA ($264 million)
All U.S. poultry and products banned since January 2015.
TOP U.S. TURKEY MEAT COMPANIES
1. Butterball: 1.3 billion pounds processed in 2013
2. Jennie-O Turkey Store: 1.25 billion pounds
3. Cargill [CARG.UL]: 1.07 billion pounds
4. Farbest Foods: 411 million pounds
5. Hillshire Brands Co: 402 million pounds
TOP U.S. EGG COMPANIES
1. Cal-Maine Foods Inc: 33 million egg-laying hens in production in
2013
2. Rose Acre Farms: 22 million
3. Moark LLC: 13 million
4. Daybreak Foods: 13 million
5. Rembrandt Enterprises: 13 million
TOP U.S. CHICKEN MEAT COMPANIES
1. Tyson Foods Inc: Capacity to process 40 million chickens per
week. Major supplier to Wal-Mart Stores Inc. Supplied products to
130 countries in 2014.
2. Pilgrim's Pride Corp: Capacity to process more than 34.7 million
birds per week. A leading supplier in Mexico.
3. Sanderson Farms Inc: processed more than 3 billion pounds of
poultry products in 2014.
4. Perdue Farms: can process more than 3 billion pounds of chicken
and turkey annually.
TOP POULTRY BROILER MEAT EXPORTERS
1. Brazil: 3.558 million tonnes exported in 2014
2. United States: 3.313 million tonnes
3. European Union: 1.134 million tonnes
4. Thailand: 546,000 tonnes
5. Turkey: 379,000 tonnes
(Reporting by Karl Plume in Chicago; Editing by Jo Winterbottom and
Matthew Lewis)
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