[NOV. 8, 2000]  The man who got Les Wood hooked on coyotes, Bill Austin, spent months studying groups of coyotes in Wyoming. Austin concluded that the animals were using 11 different basic calls to communicate with each other. He and a wildlife scientist at the University of Colorado recorded and identified these calls. Les regularly uses three of them.

[click here for Part 1]

[click here for Part 2]

First is the interrogation howl or lonesome howl: two quick barks and a long, drawn-out howl. This call is asking, "Hello, is there anybody out there?" If you say "hello" to a coyote, he will answer you, Les says.

The second call is the challenge call, which is one answer to the interrogation call. It is two quick barks and two short howls. It says, "If you don’t leave my territory, I’m going to come and fight."

The third is the injured pup call, a yipping sound like you hear when you step on a dog’s foot. Coyotes are so protective of little ones they will come the first time they hear the injured pup call. But if they come back a second time and don’t find a pup there, they won’t be fooled again, Les says.

At any time, coyotes are hard to fool. "You’ve got to work to outsmart them. You see them run in one direction, you jump in your vehicle and drive around to catch up with them and they aren’t there. When you locate their tracks, you find they have figured out what you were doing, doubled back on you and gone the other way."

For Les, a big part of the appeal of coyotes is trying to outmaneuver a very clever animal. "If you can fool one with a vocalization and get him into camera or gun range, it’s very exciting."

[This orange coyote call is one of Les's favorites. He can also amplify it or use it with a remote control device.]

To fool them with vocalizations, Les practices his coyote calls just as he would a musical instrument: sitting at his kitchen table, listening to tapes, then trying to reproduce the sound on one of his many coyote callers. The callers, once made of wood but now mostly PVC plastic, have a reed to make the sound and barrel extensions to alter it. Les also uses a megaphone to make the calls louder and even has an electronic caller that operates by remote control, letting him get about 200 yards away from the site where the sound is coming from.

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He sometimes uses lures, like a stuffed red fox with a rabbit in its mouth or a deer fawn. Coyotes don’t like foxes and will run them out of their territory. Les would never use a deer fawn lure in winter, because coyotes are smart enough to know there are no fawns then.

[Les Wood's tackle box holds his collection of coyote callers. He practices them as he would a musical instrument.]

Les may also try to mask his scent by using skunk scent as a cover. He puts the scent, which he purchases, on a cotton ball in a container next to him. It masks the human scent at least for a time, although when the coyote gets close in he can smell the human through the skunk odor.

For his nuisance animal control business, Les has to keep records for IDNR of every animal he traps. He’s also typing into his computer all the information he’s learning about the elusive coyote, information which will someday end up in another article or maybe even a book.

Les agrees with a Native American legend that says the coyote is so clever he will be the last surviving animal on earth. "I think it could be true. The more coyotes you take out of an area, the faster they breed to replenish themselves. And they are extremely adaptable. You will never completely get rid of coyotes."

[Joan Crabb]

[NOV. 7, 2000]  Les Wood likes to talk about coyotes. He’s learned a lot about them, which helps him in his business of wildlife nuisance control. He’s also learned to respect this intelligent animal that can make its home just about anywhere.

[click here for Part 1]

The coyote, one of the most clever and adaptable animals in nature, is a close relative of the wolf and the dog. Once thought of as a Southwestern animal, it has been steadily expanding its range and can be found today in New York City, in the Canadian wilderness, in the middle of Death Valley and high in Colorado’s Rocky Mountains. It has keen hearing and a sense of smell at least 100 times better than a human being has. Although it cannot see color, it has excellent night vision. Also, it will eat just about anything.

[A stuffed red fox holding a rabbit helps attract coyotes. Les uses only live traps to capture nuisance animals, including coyotes.]

Weighing between 30 to 40 pounds, the coyote has yellowish gray fur, a bushy tail and prominent ears. Les says it looks a little like a German shepherd but is smaller than a shepherd or a wolf (wolves can weigh up to 300 pounds).

The first time Les saw coyotes in Logan County was 1972, in a place called Polecat Hill near Middletown. He believes there are at least 200 coyotes in the county now, probably more. It’s hard to tell because when they "sing" at dawn and dusk, three or four animals can sound like 30.

Coyotes are highly territorial and social, and they use their calls to communicate with each other. They hunt individually or in pairs and do not travel in packs unless the winter is so hard they can’t find food any other way except to "pack up" and take down a large animal.

They mate for life and take excellent care of their pups. If one of a pair dies, other coyotes will help the remaining animal raise the young ones. Mating is in mid-February, and pups are born in April or May. The male coyote digs four or five dens for the female in the fall, and when it is time for her to give birth, she chooses one of them.

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[A coyote den]

Like wolves, they have a social "pecking order." The alpha male and alpha female, the dominant coyotes in the group, eat first. The others wait, tails curled under their bodies as a sign of submission, until their turn comes. When the alphas have finished, the other coyotes are allowed to eat.

Surprisingly, a favorite coyote food staple is mice. "For the most part, they are mousers," Les says. He describes a coyote in winter, hunting mice in the snow: "It stands there alert, listening, ears pricked, then it pounces. It can hear the mouse under the snow and digs it out.

"They also love rabbits and pheasants, and there are not too many stray cats around now because coyotes like them, too," Les says.

[Pictures and statuettes of coyotes decorate his home. The needlepoint picture on the left was made by Les' wife.]

"I go out early in the morning or late at night to locate them. They are nocturnal animals, and before they go hunting at night, they have a ‘group howl session.’" Once he knows the general area where the coyotes are living, Les uses his coyote calls to get them to come to him.

(To be continued)

[Joan Crabb]

[click here for Part 3]

[NOV. 6, 2000]  Les Wood is hooked on coyotes.

"Hardly a day goes by that I’m not talking to somebody about coyotes," says the Lincoln native. In his home are photos of coyotes, statuettes of coyotes, books about coyotes, and just about every coyote caller that was ever made. He has published two articles about coyote calling in sport and wildlife magazines and is being encouraged to write more. And this "self-taught coyote professional" spends a good part of his time hunting coyotes, both because he likes to study and videotape them and because in his business of nuisance wildlife control he sometimes has to get rid of animals that are killing farmers’ livestock.

Les’s obsession with coyotes started in 1984, when he went to the National Trapping Convention, which met that year in Peoria. "Bill Austin of Rawlings, Wyoming, a government predator control agent, gave a seminar on coyote calling, and I got hooked," Les says.

[Les' license plate on the truck he uses for his nuisance animal control business is "I howl."]

He had been involved in hunting and trapping since he was a boy. "My grandfather, John B. Wood (known as J.B.), was a trapper and ran his own business as a fur buyer in Lincoln for 15 years," Les remembers. "He bought furs in the winter from local hunters and trappers. He would skin and stretch the fur, and at the end of the season he would sell it to a New York fur house.

"As a boy, I would help my grandfather run his traplines. He mostly trapped farm ditches for muskrat, mink and raccoon. Growing up around this lifestyle, I became interested in trapping and hunting too. Each year I would get permission from local farmers to trap on their property. In 1984 the fur market hit an all-time high. Raccoon pelts were going for $30 to $40 each. A local trapper could make good money during the season," he recalls.

But in 1985, when the Russian economy took a nose dive, the bottom also fell out of the fur market. That was because 90 percent of the fur harvested by Americans was sold in Russia. Local trappers and fur buyers went out of business.

Before long, Les saw the need for a new line of work. With urban expansion and the increasing populations of animals (due in part to the reduced fur harvest), conflicts between humans and animals increased. There were raccoons emptying garbage cans, squirrels nesting in attics and chewing up woodwork and electric wires, and coyotes killing farm stock. Sometimes the animals had to give.

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Les took a wildlife biology test and got a commercial trapping license from the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) in 1985. Then he started Wood Wildlife Service, specializing in nuisance animal control. He’s so busy these days he can hardly sit down for a meal without having to get up and answer a phone call from a potential customer. Often it’s somebody with skunks in his barn, begging Les to come out with a couple of live traps.

[Heads of a deer and a coyote taken by Les hang on the living room wall.]

Skunks are the number one carrier of rabies, and when they are trapped, state law says they have to be exterminated. Raccoons are the number three carriers of rabies (bats come in second), and they also carry the leptospirosis virus, which gives human beings a chronic disease that cannot be cured. By law, raccoons must also be euthanized when trapped. Les says there has been no rabies in Logan County for many years.

In the summer, Les gets many calls to trap animals with distemper, which they can pass on to pets and other domestic animals. Diseased animals must also be euthanized.

Others, such as beaver, opossum, and squirrels, can be live trapped and released far away from the site where they are caught. Les always uses live traps, which do not injure the animals.

Farmers want to get rid of coyotes because they kill livestock, especially in the spring when young animals are born. They prey on lambs, baby pigs and even newborn calves. At one Logan County farm, two coyotes killed 18 lambs in one night, and at another they killed a newborn calf before the mother cow could get to her feet and protect it. Les sometimes traps and releases coyotes, but often farmers want them permanently disposed of. Then he has to call them and shoot them.

Before he can get rid of the coyotes, Les has to find them. Knowing the habits of these animals helps him do that. It also got him hooked on coyotes.

(To be continued)

[Joan Crabb]

[click here for Part 2]