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Prime Minister Bruce Golding, whose Jamaica Labor Party has long counted on the support of gunmen inside Coke's stronghold in the Tivoli Gardens slum, opposed the U.S. extradition request for nine months before reversing himself under growing public pressure that threatened his political career. His stand also strained relations with the U.S. Earlier this month, the main opposition party staged a no-confidence vote against Golding, which he survived after promising a sustained assault on the gangs that control poor politicized slums like Tivoli Gardens. Jamaica's political history is intertwined with slum gangs that the two main parties helped organize
-- and some say armed -- in Kingston's poor neighborhoods in the 1970s and '80s. The gangs controlled the streets and intimidated voters at election time. In recent years political violence has waned, and many of the killings in Kingston now are blamed on the drug and extortion trade. Coke was born into Jamaica's gangland. His father, known as Jim Brown, was the leader of the notorious Shower Posse, a cocaine-trafficking gang with members in Jamaica and the U.S. that began operating in the 1980s and was named for its members' tendency to spray victims with bullets. The son took over from the father, U.S. authorities allege. Hours before Coke's arrest, Jamaica's government extended a monthlong state of emergency to St. Catherine parish, where he was captured. Golding has pledged to crush street gangs and replace their strong-armed rule with social programs for the poor. But the vow has a hollow ring in the gritty slums where "dons" like Coke have long provided services and imposed a disciplined law and order the government could never achieve. Slum dwellers have a deep distrust of the police, who are often seen as agents of the country's elite.
[Associated
Press;
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