Greek, Spanish savings flee eurozone crisis

[June 16, 2012]  ATHENS, Greece -- Savers across Europe are fleeing the continent's debt crisis. In Europe's most economically stricken countries, people are taking their money out of their banks as a way to protect their savings from the continent's growing financial storm. Worried that their savings could be devalued, or that banks are on the verge of collapse and that governments cannot make good on deposit insurance, people in Greece, Spain and beyond are withdrawing euros by the billions -- behavior that is magnifying their countries' financial stresses. The money is being hoarded at home or deposited in banks in more stable economies.

In Greece and Spain, two of the hardest-hit by the debt crisis in the 17 countries that use the euro, savers and businesses are already pulling money out of banks. They are either worried that their money could be converted into a new currency at a much lower value or because their bank might be on the verge of collapse.

It's a steady bank "jog" at the moment than a full-bore run. But it threatens to undermine the finances of those countries' already-stressed lenders. And if it does turn into a full bank run after Greece's crucial election on Sunday, it could hasten financial disaster in Europe and help spread turmoil around the world.

Since the Greek debt crisis broke in late 2009, deposits have fallen by 30 percent cent, as savers have slowly pulled some (EURO)72 billion ($90.24 billion) from local lenders, with total household and corporate deposits standing at (EURO)165.9 billion ($207.94 billion) in April, according to the latest data from the Bank of Greece.

Spanish deposits have fallen about six percent over the past year. They dipped suddenly in April by about (EURO)3.1 billion, or 1.8 percent, to (EURO)1.624 trillion as problems with the country's troubled banks stated to grow to alarming proportions.

This is despite the fact that deposits are guaranteed by the government up to (EURO)100,000 across the Eurozone.

Spain's financial turmoil quickly worsened in late May, when the country's second-largest lender announced it needed capital of (EURO)19 billion to stay afloat. Bankia denied reports of a rush by its customers to withdraw but the bailout scared Spaniards who assumed their money was safe.

Bankia client Rosa Monsivais panicked and decided she had to move her savings from Bankia to one she thought would be safer. She chose a foreign bank with Spanish operations, the Dutch owned ING bank.

It took longer than she thought, leading to anxious days until she knew her money was in her new account.

"It scared me a little. I took all my money out and put it in ING," said Monsivais, a 41-year-old graphic artist, who would not say how much money she moved. "But it took a full week to do this kind of transaction, I was reading the newspaper each day and it worried me."

The money across Europe is headed different places. Some has simply been withdrawn and spent out of urgent need as people lose their jobs due to recessions. Some is winding up in bank accounts or invested in countries that are more stable such as Germany. The rest is being invested in property or bonds being issued by other eurozone countries.

In the U.K., the eurozone crisis was seen as one factor pushing up central London house price, according to Knight Frank, a real estate agency dealing in high-end property.

"While it looks very much that the surge in Greek buyers has fallen off sharply since the beginning of the year -- those who had the funds to buy have done so -- we are now seeing a noticeable uptick in interest from France, Italy, Spain and even German-based purchasers looking at the prime London market," the company said in its Prime Central London Index report.

Meanwhile, some money appears to be simply hoarded at home, despite the risk of theft. Last month, police in Athens arrested a gang that specialized in breaking into basement storage spaces under apartment blocks, netting a rich haul in stashed cash and valuables.

"What the average Greek has in mind is to secure the euros they currently hold," said Theodore Krintas, managing director at Attica Wealth Management. "That has been going on for a long time, and will continue as long as the uncertainty increases concerning Greece's position in the near future in the eurozone and the European Union."

Sunday's vote could determine whether Greece stays in the euro or leaves in chaos. Since 2010, Greece has been dependent on two bailouts totalling (EURO)240 billion in loans to pay its bills. In return, the government had to promise to make deep spending cuts to lower its deficit. That has helped put the country in a deep recession. Leading political figures have called for renegotiating or rejecting the bailout deal, which could lead to a payment cutoff from mistrustful eurozone governments and the IMF.

A bailout cutoff could lead to a complete collapse of government finances. And a euro exit so the country will have to print its own money to pay bills or recapitalize banks.

A large-scale bank run in Greece could further wreck government finances and push the country closer to leaving the euro. The country could either quit the single currency in order to introduce a devalued currency that would improve its economic competitiveness, or because it has no choice but to print its own currency to recapitalize banks or pay government salaries.

So far it's been a trickle rather than a flood in Greece, underlining its slow-motion nature. Many people have kept their deposits because they don't believe Greece will leave the euro.

It's not just in the financially troubled countries that savers are worried. Wealthy Germans are concerned that inflation will surge if Europe's central bank has to step in and spend huge amounts of money propping up the single currency. So they are putting more money into their own country's high-end real-estate in hopes their investment will keep its value.

Well-heeled Spaniards have been moving money to Switzerland and the U.S. for months amid mounting worries about Spain and the safety of the eurozone, said Bruce Goslin, managing director for Europe, the Middle East and Africa for K2 Intelligence consulting group.

"We're not money managers but we deal a lot with clients who are looking for intelligence," Goslin said. "As we are circulating and talking to people, some things are becoming clear. Everyone says `There is nothing going on in Spain, the economy is contracting so fast we're going to have to go out of Spain.'"

Spain's banking problems come from the collapse of a real estate boom. Banks that made reckless loans are not being paid back and are seeing the value of the properties they invested in tumbling. This is making the country's banking system increasingly financially insecure -- heightening savers' fears that their money is not safe.

Fernando Encinar, head of research at real estate website Idealista.com, said some wealthy people who didn't have money to buy during the boom were now taking advantage of prices that have fallen 26 percent in four years, he said.

"Someone who has (EURO)200,000 in the bank is looking for property to buy because they prefer property than having it in the bank," he said. "This was happening before Bankia but Bankia and all the trouble in Spain has accelerated it."

Many Spaniards can't move money abroad because times are so tough, said Vincent Forest at the Economist Intelligence Unit. With unemployment now at nearly 25 percent, Spaniards with jobs and savings are increasingly helping out less fortunate relatives.

"Most Spaniards have huge savings, but they have someone in the family who needs money and isn't earning anything. They won't just say I've got a few thousand euros and I will put it in Germany: They can't," Forest said.

Many Italians -- some of Europe's most devoted savers -- are also moving money. They are worried that their government will be the next to fall victim to the crisis through its heavy debt load. That's even though Italy's banks, government finances and economy are in better shape than Spain's.

Some 60,000 to 70,000 small investors have bought property abroad, mostly in Germany but also on the Spanish islands, in the last three months, for a total investment of (EURO)400 million on an annual basis, said Paolo Righi, president of the Italian Federation of Real Estate Professionals. `'They are looking for certain investments," Righi said.

Ruth Stirati, who runs a business helping Italians buy property in Berlin, said she gets about 10 emails a day asking about properties.

"Over the last two or three weeks, there has been a new panic," she said. "They have a thousand fears: That the banks won't have money, that the euro will fail. It is without substance, their doubts. But they worry there will be one strong euro in Germany, and one that is weak.'

Wealthy Germans aren't worried about seeing their money disappear due to collapsing banks but they are concerned that their savings will be eaten away through inflation. As a result, they are putting money into real estate -- at home.

Even though inflation currently is moderate at 2.2 percent in May, there has been a lot of talk about the risk of rising prices in Germany's media. There is speculation that inflation could jump if the European Central Bank has to take drastic measures to keep the eurozone from breaking up -- such as printing large amounts of money to buy government bonds and cover bankrupt governments' financing needs.

The current EU treaty bars that. But that hasn't stopped German newspaper headlines warning about possible inflation to come.

According to the Europace real estate financing platform, German home prices rose 5.46 percent in the first quarter over a year ago.

[Associated Press; By DAVID McHUGH, NICHOLAS PAPHITIS and COLLEEN BARRY]

Paphitis contributed from Athens, McHugh from Frankfurt, and Barry from Milan. Also contributing were Harold Heckle in Madrid and Robert Barr and Cassandra Vinograd in London.

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