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Tensions with Iran have deepened in recent months over Azerbaijani suspicions that Tehran supports radical religious extremists in its midst. Relations with Russia are cordial but undermined by what Baku perceives as Moscow's support for neighboring Armenia, with which Azerbaijan fought and lost a bitter six-year conflict over the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh territory from 1988. The West's cozy relations with Azerbaijan have drawn vehement criticism from rights activists, who maintain that economic interests have trumped concerns over democracy. The U.S. State Department's own 2010 human rights reports speaks of limitations on freedom of expression and assembly, impediments to political activities and a flawed election that secured a new term for President Ilham Aliyev in 2008. After changes to the law in 2009, Aliyev, who inherited power from his late father in 2003 in a move that many have described as a monarchic-style handover, will be permitted to run for office indefinitely. Journalists who have bucked the trend by reporting on alleged corruption in government have often faced repercussions. In a prominent recent case, investigative reporter Khadija Ismayilova received an envelope stuffed with intimate photographs that she was made to understand would be made public if she didn't stop her aggressive reporting. Instead of backing down, Ismayilova went public with the blackmail threat. Covertly filmed footage of her at home was posted online days later. Undeterred, Ismayilova has since reported for Radio Free Europe about how Aliyev's family has allegedly profited from the construction of the newly built concert hall in which the Eurovision contest is to be held.
Several small Arab Spring-inspired political rallies have been broken up violently by police over the last year. People linked with the meetings have ended up behind bars for lengthy sentences on unrelated charges or been enrolled into military service, despite being exempt. Similar attempts to hold anti-government rallies ahead of the Eurovision finals have also been robustly shut down. As is typical in other energy-rich authoritarian post-Soviet states, Azerbaijan's government has sought to mitigate criticism of its poor democratic record by pointing to economic achievements. Rapid economic growth has created a class of new super-rich. But it has also cut the number of people mired in poverty fivefold over the past eight years to around 7.6 percent of the population, according to government figures released in January. Those figures are roughly in line with World Bank data. Still, beyond the fringes of Baku, life is notably harder. Average monthly salaries stand around $450, which explains why the giant SUVs that jam the city's smooth, broad streets are not often seen elsewhere. Economic experts warn that as the end of the peak of the frenzied oil boom beckons, Azerbaijan will need to adopt a less state-dominated model. But many worry that market proponents are being thwarted by political hardliners. International coverage of democracy concerns has been met with unvarnished scorn by Azerbaijani authorities, who say Azerbaijan is the victim of a smear campaign by international rights groups. "We are a democratic country," presidential spokesman Ali Hasanov said this week. "We are located at the crossroads of Asia and Europe. We could remain in Asia, but we have chosen the way of European development."
[Associated
Press;
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