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Mortgage-backed securities: JPMorgan and other banks sold these investments in the run-up to the financial crisis. They'd make mortgage loans, then, instead of keeping them on their own books, they'd bundle the mortgages together and sell them in slivers to investors. When the housing bubble burst and many homes fell into foreclosure, the investors lost billions. Regulators
-- as well as the investors -- have accused banks of not telling investors how risky the underlying mortgages were. MF Global: JPMorgan held funds for MF Global, the brokerage led by former New Jersey Gov. Jon Corzine, and also processed some of its trades. When MF Global collapsed in 2011 under the weight of bad bets on European debt, about $1.2 billion in customer money was missing from its accounts. It was later discovered that the customer money was used to fund MF Global's own operations. Bernie Madoff: The disgraced financier used JPMorgan as one of his banks when he was running his giant Ponzi scheme. JPMorgan says it is responding to investigations by the DOJ and other regulators. It didn't give details, but it has previously faced accusations that it and other banks ignored signs that Madoff was a con artist. Collection practices: The bank says it is responding to formal and informal inquiries from state and federal regulators about its credit card collection practices.
JPMorgan faces criminal and civil investigations by the DOJ. The DOJ's civil division has already told the bank that it has reached the initial conclusion that the bank broke the law. The SEC made similar accusations, which JPMorgan settled in 2011 and again in 2012.
The bank also faces lawsuits from the National Credit Union Administration and the New York attorney general's office. JPMorgan is contesting the attorney general's lawsuit, which targets investments sold by Bear Stearns in 2006 and 2007. JPMorgan didn't buy Bear Stearns until 2008.
After months of legal wrangling, a court in July approved a plan under which the bank agreed to return cash that was misplaced from customers' accounts.
The bank continues to respond to inquiries from the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. It is also being sued by people who had invested in MF Global, and who claim that JPMorgan as an underwriter wasn't up front about the risks MF Global was taking. JPMorgan is fighting the lawsuit.
The California Attorney General has accused JPMorgan of illegally "robo-signing" various documents
-- meaning bank employees signed the documents without reviewing them -- when the bank sued credit card customers who were behind on payments.
The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau is also investigating the bank's collection and sale of consumer credit card debt.
[Associated
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