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 U.S. State Department spokeswoman Marie Harf denied on Monday that
Nancy Powell's resignation was related to ongoing tensions after the
December arrest and subsequent strip search of the Indian diplomat,
Devyani Khobragade.
But analysts said it was clear the position of Powell, a career
diplomat who has held several postings in South Asia and became the
ambassador to India in 2012, had become untenable as a result of the
affair.
The United States sees India as a natural ally on a range of issues
and a potential counterbalance to China in Asia. In 2010, President
Barack Obama declared the U.S.-Indian relationship would be "one of
the defining partnerships of the 21st century."
Trade in goods was $63.7 billion last year, and U.S. Vice President
Joseph Biden last year called for that to grow to half a trillion
dollars in five years.
But trade relations were deteriorating even before the diplomatic
row and, in India's eyes, Powell's tenure never recovered from
Khobragade's treatment. India took retaliatory measures against the
U.S. embassy, including removing the ambassador's exemption from
airport security searches.
Many Indian officials felt Powell had mishandled the case, which was
related to the low wages that Khobragade paid a domestic worker
called Sangeeta Richard.
Both the Indian government and Narendra Modi, the opposition
candidate who is favorite to become India's next prime minister
after elections that end in May, saw the arrest as U.S. hypocrisy
and arrogance.
Foreign ministry officials were furious that the embassy under
Powell issued human trafficking visas and arranged air tickets to
help evacuate Richard's husband and children two days before
Khobragade's arrest, flying them out of India where they were
allegedly facing police harassment.
Indian officials said they were taken by surprise by the operation — and were dismayed about the lack of communication, given the
supposed depth of the Indo-US relationship on issues ranging from
intelligence-sharing to Afghanistan.
India clamped down on alleged legal infractions by the embassy,
including the visa status of teachers at the American Embassy
School, an institution central to the lives of many expatriate
employees of U.S. corporations in Delhi.
Powell met Modi in February, ending a decade-long U.S. boycott of
Modi. It brought Washington's policy in line with other major powers
that had shunned him because of deadly religious riots that occurred
on his watch, but have now warmed to a man who has overseen fast
economic growth in his home state of Gujarat.
NOT GETTING MEETINGS
Powell's meeting with Modi was delayed by two months because of the
row over Khobragade, an aide to the candidate told Reuters. A U.S.
congressional aide said this was a problem Powell had faced in
dealing with other officials as well.
"I had heard she wasn't really getting meetings with government
officials after Khobragade. And that's an important part of the job.
My sense is that would likely only continue with a new government,"
said the aide, who did not want to be identified because he was not
authorized to speak publicly.
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However, Harf told a regular State Department briefing: "It is in no
way related to any tension, any recent situations ... This is the
end of a distinguished 37-year career. I think after 37 years, she
deserves to retire."
After Khobragade's arrest, officials in New Delhi said India had
bristled at Powell as soon as she was appointed in 2012, since she
was not seen as a political appointee close to Obama, despite her
decades of knowledge of South Asia. In a conversation with Reuters
in January, one official close to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh
described Powell as a "lemon" — a comment reflecting concerns in
India that Obama was not serious about the relationship.
Persis Khambatta of the Center for Strategic and International
Studies think tank said it was clear Washington had underestimated
the depth of feeling in India over the Khobragade affair.
Khambatta said it was important for the United States to replace
Powell in a timely manner with "a heavy-hitter" to show it
considered India a real strategic partner.
"If India is to be one of the defining partnerships of the 21st
century, we should send out diplomats that send that signal and
carry that influence and gravitas that are needed."
In spite of the diplomatic tensions, a Pew Research poll issued on
Monday based on polling conducted in December and January found that
most Indians had a positive view of America.
"Notwithstanding recent high-profile official frictions with the
United States, more Indians express a favorable (56 percent) rather
than unfavorable (15 percent) view of America. And 58 percent have a
positive view of the American people," the polling group said in a
statement.
It said it conducted its survey between December 7 and January 12,
among 2,464 adults in states and territories that are home to about
91 percent of the Indian population.
Harf said Powell would return to the United States before the end of
May, which is the deadline for a new Indian government to be formed.
The United States revoked Modi's travel visa following allegations
he did not do enough to prevent at least 1,000 deaths during a spasm
of Hindu-Muslim violence in 2002 in the state that he governs.
Modi has not yet been granted a visa, but Nisha Biswal, the U.S.
assistant secretary for South and Central Asian affairs, has said he
would be welcome to visit the United States if he became prime
minister.
(Additional reporting by Shashank Chouhan in New Delhi;
editing by
Kevin Liffey and Mohammad Zargham)
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