| The report from the Center for Strategic and 
				International Studies (CSIS) said cyber crime was a growth 
				industry that damaged trade, competitiveness and innovation.
 A conservative estimate would be $375 billion in losses, while 
				the maximum could be as much as $575 billion, said the study, 
				sponsored by security software company McAfee.
 
 "Cyber crime is a tax on innovation and slows the pace of global 
				innovation by reducing the rate of return to innovators and 
				investors," Jim Lewis of CSIS said in a statement.
 
 "For developed countries, cyber crime has serious implications 
				for employment."
 
 The world's biggest economies bore the brunt of the losses, the 
				research found, with the toll on the United States, China, Japan 
				and Germany reaching $200 billion a year in total.
 
 Losses connected to personal information, such as stolen credit 
				card data, was put at up to $150 billion.
 
 About 40 million people in the United States, roughly 15 percent 
				of the population, has had personal information stolen by 
				hackers, it said, while high-profile breaches affected 54 
				million people in Turkey, 16 million in Germany and more than 20 
				million in China.
 
 McAfee, owned by Intel Corp, said improved international 
				collaboration was beginning to show results in reducing cyber 
				crime, for example in the takedown last week of a crime ring 
				that infected hundreds of thousands of computers known by the 
				name of its master software, Gameover Zeus.
 
 (Reporting by Paul Sandle; Editing by Pravin Char)
 
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