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Iran's talks with six major powers on curbing its nuclear program
in exchange for an end to sanctions could be extended for another
six months if no deal is reached by a July 20 deadline, a senior
Iranian official said.
While an extension is possible, experts believe both sides may come
under pressure from critics at home to seek better terms during this
extra time period, further complicating negotiations.
Singling out a big gap in negotiating positions that will be
difficult to overcome in less than two months' time, France's
foreign minister said Iran should drop a demand to have thousands of
uranium enrichment centrifuges. Instead it should restrict itself to
a few hundred of the machines used to increase the concentration of
the fissile isotope.
Iran - which says its nuclear program is peaceful and rejects
accusations it has been seeking to develop a nuclear weapons
capability - now has around 19,000 centrifuges installed, of which
roughly 10,000 are operating, according to the U.N. nuclear agency.
Enriched uranium can have both civilian and military uses, depending
on the degree of refinement.
"We are still hitting a wall on one absolutely fundamental point
which is the number of centrifuges which allow enrichment," Laurent
Fabius told France Inter radio on Tuesday.
"We say that there can be a few hundred centrifuges, but the
Iranians want thousands so we're not in the same framework."
Paris has long held out for strict terms in the negotiations and it
was not immediately clear whether Fabius was spelling out Paris'
position or that of the six powers, also including the United
States, Germany, Britain, China and Russia.
Western officials say Iran wants to maintain a uranium enrichment
capability far beyond what it currently needs for civilian purposes.
Iran says it wants to avoid reliance on foreign suppliers of fuel
for planned nuclear reactors.
U.S. and Iranian officials held talks in Geneva on Monday to tackle
ways of breaking a deadlock which has raised the likelihood that the
deadline will lapse without a deal meant to head off the risk of a
Middle East war over the nuclear issue.
The negotiations ran into difficulty last month with each side
accusing the other of making unrealistic demands, raising doubts
about prospects for a breakthrough next month.
IRAN SAYS TALKS MAY BE EXTENDED
An extension should be possible, but President Barack Obama would
need to secure the consent of Congress at a time of fraught
relations between his administration and lawmakers.
Iran and the powers included the July 20 deadline to reach a
comprehensive agreement in an interim deal agreed on Nov. 24.
The November agreement - under which Iran suspended some nuclear
activities in exchange for limited sanctions relief - allowed for a
six-month extension if more time were needed for a settlement. An
extension would allow up to half a year more for limited sanctions
relief and restraints on Iranian nuclear work.
Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi spoke of a possible
extension to the talks in remarks in Geneva to Iranian media on the
sidelines of meetings with senior U.S. officials.
"We hope to reach a final agreement (by July 20) but, if this
doesn't happen, then we have no choice but to extend the Geneva deal
for six more months while we continue negotiations," Araqchi was
quoted as saying by Iran's state news agency IRNA."
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Nuclear expert Mark Fitzpatrick of the International Institute for
Strategic Studies think-tank said he did not think an extension was
being formally discussed already as that would be to admit failure
to meet the self-imposed target date. "But some discussion of it
must be underway informally because a rollover is not as simple as
it might seem," he said. "To make it politically palatable, each
side would want some marginal improvements, which will need to be
negotiated." Iran expert Ali Vaez said both sides "might require
additional interim concessions to placate their domestic skeptics"
if the interim deal is rolled over because the parties are far
apart. But if they have been able "to narrow the gap and need a few
more weeks to hammer out the technical details, they might just opt
for a no-cost extension," Vaez, of the International Crisis Group
think-tank, said.
The No. 2 U.S. diplomat, Deputy Secretary of State Bill Burns, and
Under Secretary of State Wendy Sherman, the primary U.S. negotiator
with Iran, met an Iranian delegation led by Araqchi in Geneva on
Monday and Tuesday.
IRAN WANTS END TO "UNFAIR" SANCTIONS
"We are at a critical juncture in the talks," U.S. State Department
deputy spokeswoman Marie Harf told reporters in Washington, as part
of consultations before the next round of Vienna negotiations
scheduled for June 16-20.
"We think we've made progress during some rounds but as we said
coming out of the last one we hadn't seen enough made, we hadn't
seen enough realism," she said.
A French diplomatic source said officials from France and Iran
would meet on Wednesday to discuss the Vienna negotiations. And
Russian officials will have talks with the Iranians in Rome on
Wednesday and Thursday, according to Iranian media.
"There are still gaps ... in order to bring our views closer, the
other side must make tough decisions," Araqchi said.
A second senior Iranian official, Takht Ravanchi, was quoted as
saying that putting an end to sanctions was one of the issues
discussed during the bilateral session with the Americans.
"This government is determined to end unfair sanctions imposed on
Iran," Iranian President Hassan Rouhani said during a visit to
Ankara this week. "Iran will do its utmost to reach a final deal in
the near future."
(Additional reporting by Michelle Moghtader in Dubai, Dan Williams
in Jerusalem, Parisa Hafezi in Ankara and Fredrik Dahl in Vienna;
Writing by Louis Charbonneau and Fredrik Dahl; Editing by Mark
Heinrich and Giles Elgood)
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