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 The new report and higher death toll ratchet up the pressure on
GM, which has said it has reports of 12 deaths in 34 crashes in the
recalled cars.
GM did not recall the cars until February, despite learning of
problems with the ignition switch in 2001 and issuing related
service bulletins to dealers with suggested remedies in 2005.
The auto maker is facing increasing pressure to compensate victims
and create a $1 billion fund, even if some would-be plaintiffs are
barred from suing under the terms of GM's emergence from bankruptcy
in 2009.
The Center for Auto Safety said it referenced crash and fatality
data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's
(NHTSA) Fatal Analysis Reporting System (FARS).
GM said late Thursday that the new report was based on "raw data"
and "without rigorous analysis, it is pure speculation to attempt to
draw any meaningful conclusions."
Clarence Ditlow, the center's executive director, said, "NHTSA could
and should have initiated a defect investigation to determine why
airbags were not deploying in Cobalts and Ions in increasing
numbers."
GM recalled the cars because when the ignition switch is jostled, a
key could turn off the car's engine and disable airbags, sometimes
while traveling at high speed.
The safety agency has been criticized for not pressing GM to recall
the cars with defective switches, despite receiving hundreds of
consumer complaints in the past 10 years and implementing its own
investigations of two fatalities related to the faulty ignition
switches.
U.S. Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx on Thursday promised an
"aggressive investigation" into whether GM was slow to report to the
federal government problems with ignition switches on the 2005-2007
Chevrolet Cobalt and 2003-2007 Saturn Ion.
The U.S. attorney in Manhattan has opened a criminal probe, and
House and Senate committees have pledged to hold hearings about GM
and NHTSA's behavior.
RED FLAGS IN DATA
Ditlow said the center's study, conducted by Friedman Research Corp
of Austin, Texas, also cross-referenced fatality data supplied by GM
to NHTSA's Early Warning Reporting (EWR) database.
"Combining EWR and FARS data as (the center) did should have raised
a red flag to NHTSA," Ditlow said in a letter sent Thursday to the
safety agency.
[to top of second column] |
In a review of the EWR filings, Reuters found GM reports of three
fatal crashes involving the Saturn Ion in 2003 and 2004, well before
the first confirmed fatality in a Chevrolet Cobalt. Two of the three
Ion crashes involved non-deployment of airbags, according to the
center's analysis of the data.
A GM spokesman on Thursday declined to provide specifics on the
early warning crash reports or confirm whether the deaths in those
crashes were among the fatalities counted by the company as
recall-related.
GM said its investigation into the massive recall and the impact of
the defective switch is "ongoing."
GM's slow recall, 13 years after the company first saw signs of a
problem, is the subject of several investigations, including by
Congress and by NHTSA, which investigated a 2005 crash in Maryland
of a 2005 Cobalt in which Amber Marie Rose was killed.
GM engineers also were aware of four fatalities in crashes involving
the 2004 Saturn Ion, GM said in filings published on Wednesday by
the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. [ID:nL2N0M91YL]
GM did not give dates of those crashes.
The Reuters review of the Early Warning Reporting database, includes
reports of at least two fatal crashes involving the 2004 Ion, one in
December 2003 in Connecticut, the other in November 2004 in Texas.
The database cites airbag issues in both incidents, without
providing details.
A third report provided by GM to NHTSA involved the May 2004 crash
of a 2003 Ion in Pennsylvania, citing engine problems, but no
further details.
In a statement on its website, NHTSA said some information provided
by automakers to the EWR database remains confidential, including
"warranty claims, consumer complaints to the manufacturer, field
reports" and the full vehicle identification number in death and
injury claims.
(Reporting by Paul Lienert in Detroit; editing by Eric Walsh and
Lisa Shumaker)
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