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 Kerry spoke at the United Nations on the opening day of a
month-long conference taking stock of the 1970 nuclear
Non-Proliferation Treaty and ahead of a meeting in New York with
Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif, their first
face-to-face encounter since recent marathon talks in Lausanne,
Switzerland.
Zarif and Kerry met later on Monday at the Iranian U.N. ambassador's
residence across from Central Park and discussed efforts to secure a
final agreement between Iran and the six powers by a June 30
deadline.
The meeting was "productive," a senior U.S. State Department
official said, speaking on condition of anonymity. "They discussed
the work that political directors and experts did last week in
Vienna and the path forward for the talks," the official added.
Kerry told the 191 NPT parties: "We are, in fact, closer than ever
to the good, comprehensive deal that we have been seeking, and if we
can get there, the entire world will be safer." He said bringing
Iran back into compliance with the pact was always at the heart of
negotiations with Tehran.
"If finalized and implemented, (an agreement) will close off all of
Iran's possible pathways to the nuclear material required for a
nuclear weapon and give the international community the confidence
that it needs to know that Iran's nuclear program is indeed
exclusively peaceful," he said.
Kerry added, however, that "the hard work is far from over and some
key issues remain unresolved."
In remarks to Iranian state television upon his arrival in New York,
Zarif echoed the concerns about unresolved issues in the talks with
the United States, Britain, France, Germany, Russia and China.
"Beside taking part in the conference, we have come here to listen
to Americans' explanations on the U.S. administration's undertakings
and its domestic policies," Zarif said.
"We consider the U.S. government responsible for fulfilling its
international commitments under international laws," he said. "No
government can evade such commitments because of its domestic
issues."
Zarif appeared to be referring to U.S. Republican senators' pledge
to try to toughen a bill giving Congress the power to review a
nuclear agreement with Iran, a move that could further complicate
the talks.
IRAN CRITICIZES NUCLEAR ARMED STATES
In a tentative deal reached between Iran and the six powers earlier
this month in Lausanne, Tehran - which denies seeking nuclear
weapons - agreed to curb sensitive nuclear work for at least a
decade in exchange for ending sanctions that have crippled its
economy.
Diplomats need to iron out details about the timing of sanctions
relief, the future of Iran's atomic research and development
program, the exact nature of International Atomic Energy Agency
monitoring, and what kind of uranium stockpiles Tehran will be
allowed to keep under any final accord.
Another issue that remains unresolved is Iran's past nuclear work
that could have been related to weapons research. IAEA chief Yukiya
Amano reiterated that he still could not confirm that Tehran's
nuclear activities are entirely peaceful.
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Amano also expressed hope that Iran would sign on to a more
intrusive IAEA inspection regime called the "Additional Protocol,"
which the agency created after revelations about Iraq's clandestine
atom bomb program in the 1990s.
"Implementation by Iran of the additional protocol would enable the
agency to provide credible assurance about the absence of undeclared
nuclear material and activities in the country," Amano said.
After the latest round ended without a breakthrough last week in
Vienna, Iran and the six powers are expected to resume talks soon.
Sanctions are proving to be a key hurdle. Iran's Supreme Leader
Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has said all sanctions, including the most
severe restrictions on the energy and financial sectors, should be
lifted the moment a deal is signed. But Western officials say this
is not what Tehran agreed to in Lausanne.
At the NPT meeting earlier on Monday, Zarif spoke on behalf of the
120-nation Non-Aligned Movement. He demanded the five nuclear weapon
states scrap any plans to modernize or extend the life of their
atomic arsenals, while branding Israel a threat to the region due to
its presumed nuclear stockpile.
"We call upon the nuclear-weapon states to immediately cease their
plans to further invest in modernizing and extending the life span
of their nuclear weapons and related facilities," Zarif said.
Israel, which neither admits nor denies having atomic weapons, is
not an NPT signatory. An Israeli official dismissed the Iranian
criticism.
Kerry spoke of Washington's "unequivocal" commitment to disarmament,
though he admitted that more needed to be done by the United States
and Russia.
"Despite significant reductions, the United States and Russia still
possess more than 90 percent of the world's nuclear weapons," Kerry
said.
He also said that the United States would accelerate the dismantling
of thousands of retired nuclear warheads by 20 percent, and urged
Moscow to take up a U.S. proposal of further reducing nuclear
weapons permitted under the new START treaty by an additional third.
(Writing by Louis Charbonneau; editing by G Crosse and Leslie Adler)
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