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 In North and South America, elder abuse prevalence ranges from 10
percent of lucid older adults to almost half of those with dementia,
the review of previous studies found. In Europe, prevalence ranges
from about 2 percent in Ireland to about 61 percent in Croatia and
in Asia, exposure to elder abuse ranges from 14 percent in India to
36 percent in China.
“Elder abuse is a common, identifiable, fatal and costly condition
that occurs across sociodemographic and socioeconomic strata around
the world,” lead study author Dr. Xin Qi Dong, a researcher in aging
at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, said by email.
It can include psychological, physical or sexual mistreatment;
neglect and financial exploitation, Dong and colleagues write in the
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.
While cognitive impairment appears to be most strongly linked to a
risk of being abused, the problem is also seen among elderly people
with impaired physical function and those suffering psychological
distress or social isolation.
Abuse significantly harms health and has been linked to
psychological disorders as well as physical illnesses, the review
found. Two studies in the analysis found an association between
elder abuse and premature mortality, especially among blacks.
In addition, elder abuse is associated with increased use of health
services, especially emergency department visits and
hospitalizations as well as readmissions, the authors note.
Clinicians are well positioned to spot elder abuse and start a
conversation with patients that can help them receive assistance
they need to get out of an abusive situation, said Dr. Michael Bond,
an emergency medicine researcher at the University of Maryland
School of Medicine.
“Doctors or social workers need to ask the patient when they are
alone, and if there is any suspicion at all a home visit should be
arranged,” Bond, who wasn’t involved in the study, said by email.
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While patients can’t always prevent themselves from becoming victims
of abuse, there are some steps they may be able to take to make it
less likely, said Dr. Janice Du Mont, a psychologist at Women’s
College Hospital in Toronto.
As they age, adults should plan ahead while they are still lucid and
independent, Du Mont, who wasn’t involved in the study, said by
email. People should have a living will and power of attorney
designating what type of care they want and who can make medical or
financial decisions for them if they later become unable to do so,
she said.
In addition, people shouldn’t lend bank cards or PIN numbers to
anyone, and should weigh any decisions to change living situations
very carefully, particularly moving in with a friend or relative or
having a caregiver move into the home. Maintaining contact with a
support network of as many friends and family members as possible is
also helpful.
“As the world faces an increasingly aging population, elder abuse is
predicted to increase,” she said. “The prevention of elder abuse
should be an important area of concern for policy makers, program
developers and practitioners.”
SOURCE: http://bit.ly/1BEoOnc Journal of the American Geriatrics
Society, online June 11, 2015.
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