second half of February could have been a factor.
It was the first time since 2012 that sales had dropped for three consecutive months. Economists polled by Reuters had forecast retail sales increasing 0.3 percent last month.
Retail sales excluding automobiles, gasoline, building materials and food services were unchanged after a 0.1 percent decline in January.
The so-called core retail sales correspond most closely with the consumer spending component of gross domestic product.
The second straight month of weakness suggests a marked slowdown in consumer spending in the first quarter after the fourth quarter's surge.
Economists had expected core retail sales would rise 0.4 percent. February's weak reading could see economists lowering their first-quarter GDP growth estimates.
Economic activity early in the year was hurt by a harsh winter and the now-settled labor dispute at the country's West Coast ports, which disrupted the supply chain.
First-quarter growth forecasts currently range between an annualized pace of 1.7 percent and 2.5 percent. The economy grew at a 2.2 percent pace in the fourth quarter.