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 "The rise of antibiotic resistance is a global health crisis," WHO
Director-General Margaret Chan told reporters in a telebriefing from
the organization's Geneva headquarters.
She said the problem was "reaching dangerously high levels" in all
parts of the world and could lead to "the end of modern medicine as
we know it".
Antibiotic resistance happens when bacteria mutate and adapt to
become invulnerable to the antibiotics used to treat the infections
they cause. Over-use and misuse of antibiotics exacerbates the
development of drug-resistant bacteria, often called superbugs.
Publishing the results of a survey of public awareness, the United
Nations health agency said 64 percent of those asked believed
wrongly that penicillin-based drugs and other antibiotics can treat
colds and flu, despite the fact such medicines have no impact on
viruses.
Around a third of people surveyed also wrongly believed they should
stop taking antibiotics when they feel better, rather than
completing the prescribed treatment course, the WHO said.
"The findings ... point to the urgent need to improve understanding
around antibiotic resistance," said Keiji Fukuda, the WHO's special
representative for antimicrobial resistance.
"One of the biggest health challenges of the 21st century will
require global behavior change by individuals and societies."
Superbug infections, including multi-drug-resistant typhoid,
tuberculosis and gonorrhea, already kill hundreds of thousands of
people a year, and for now the trend is still growing.
Fukuda described it as a "race against the pathogens", adding that
if everyone steps into action now, it will probably take five to 10
years to turn the situation around.
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The WHO surveyed 10,000 people across 12 countries -- Barbados,
China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria, Russia, Serbia,
South Africa, Sudan and Vietnam -- and found many worrying
misconceptions.
Three-quarters of respondents think antibiotic resistance means the
body is resistant to the drugs, for example, whereas in fact it is
the bacteria themselves that become resistant to antibiotics, and
their spread causes hard-to-treat infections.
Some 66 percent believe individuals are not at risk of a
drug-resistant infection if they personally take their antibiotics
as prescribed.
And nearly half of those surveyed think drug resistance is only a
problem in people who take antibiotics often. In fact, anyone,
anywhere, of any age, can get a superbug infection.
Chan urged doctors to dissuade patients from demanding antibiotics
for infections they can't treat, and persuade them to use the drugs
strictly according to their prescription.
"Doctors need to treat antibiotics as a precious commodity," she
said.
(Reporting by Kate Kelland; Editing by Mark Trevelyan)
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