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 The U.S. Treasury Department said on Wednesday that Tubman, who
was born into slavery in the early 1820s and went on to help
hundreds of slaves escape, would take the center spot on the bill,
while Jackson, a slave owner, would move to the back.
Introduced alongside a slew of changes to the $5 and $10 notes as
well, the redesign gives the Treasury "a chance to open the aperture
to reflect more of America's history," Treasury Secretary Jack Lew
said.
A new $10 bill will add images of five female leaders of the women's
suffrage movement, including Sojourner Truth and Elizabeth Cady
Stanton, to the back, while keeping founding father Alexander
Hamilton on the front.
The reverse of a new $5 note will show former first lady Eleanor
Roosevelt and civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr., officials
said. Former President Abraham Lincoln will remain on the front.
 Lew said the designs should be unveiled by 2020 and go into
circulation "as quickly as possible," although he declined to say
when. He said the $10 bill was scheduled to go out first, citing
security needs.
The long-awaited decision to replace the seventh president of the
United States with Tubman followed months of outreach by the
Treasury regarding which woman should be featured on a bill.
The debate began when the Treasury announced plans in June to
feature a woman on the $10 note, prompted partly by a young girl's
letter to President Barack Obama that criticized the lack of women
on U.S. currency and a social media campaign last year called "Women
on 20s."
A MUSICAL
Hamilton’s growing celebrity status, due largely to a Pulitzer
Prize-winning Broadway musical about his life, “Hamilton,” created
by Lin-Manuel Miranda, propelled an effort to keep the first U.S.
Treasury secretary on the $10 note and to replace Jackson on the $20
bill instead.
Jackson, a hero of the War of 1812's Battle of New Orleans, was
president from 1829-1837. But he has been criticized for his
treatment of American Indians and ownership of slaves.
After considering hundreds of candidates, Lew said Tubman was chosen
for her leadership and work helping others.
"It's the essential story of American democracy about how one person
who grew up in slavery, never had the benefit of learning how to
read or write, could change the course of history," he said.
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Tubman grew up working on a Maryland plantation and escaped in her
late 20s. She returned to the South to help hundreds of black slaves
to freedom and worked as a Union spy during the Civil War. She died
in 1913.
Women have not been depicted on U.S. bills since Martha Washington,
who was on the $1 silver certificate from 1891 to 1896, and
Pocahontas, who was in a group picture on the $20 bill from 1865 to
1869.
On coins, Sacagawea, a Native American who assisted the Lewis and
Clark Expedition, is featured on the gold dollar, and suffragist
Susan B. Anthony is on the silver dollar. Deaf-blind author and
activist Helen Keller is on the back of the Alabama quarter.
Tubman became the top-trending hashtag on Twitter shortly after the
news broke on Wednesday, with more than 100,000 tweets and mentions
online.
Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton, who is
campaigning to become the first female U.S. president, praised
Tubman as "a woman, a leader, and a freedom fighter" on Twitter and
said she could not think of a better choice.
Some Twitter users applauded Treasury’s decision to keep Hamilton on
the $10 bill.
Actress Mara Wilson (@MaraWritesStuff) tweeted at Miranda, the
"Hamilton" creator, saying: “@Lin_Manuel First you win a Pulitzer,
now you're affecting US currency. Get some rest!"
(Reporting by Megan Cassella; Additional reporting by Timothy Ahmann
in Washington and Gina Cherelus and Amy Tennery in New York; Editing
by Toni Reinhold and Peter Cooney)
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