Italy's Renzi to resign after referendum rout

[December 05, 2016]  By Crispian Balmer and Gavin Jones

ROME (Reuters) - Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi is set to resign on Monday after suffering a crushing defeat in a referendum over constitutional reform, tipping the euro zone's third-largest economy into political turmoil.

His decision to quit after just two-and-a-half years in office deals a blow to the European Union, already reeling from multiple crises and struggling to overcome anti-establishment forces that have battered the Western world this year.

Renzi's emotional, midnight resignation announcement sent the euro lower and jolted stock and bond markets on concerns that early elections could follow, possibly paving the way for an anti-euro party, the 5-Star Movement, to come to power.

But financial markets bounced back later in the morning as European officials played down the prospect of a broader euro zone crisis.

Even Italy's fragile bank sector, which is looking to raise around 20 billion euros ($21 billion) over coming months, staged a comeback on the Milan exchange after a shaky start.

European Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs Pierre Moscovici dismissed talk of a euro zone crisis, and German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble urged calm. Both said Italy's institutions are capable of handling a government change, which would be its 64th since 1946.

Italian Economy Minister Pier Carlo Padoan, who has pulled out of scheduled meetings with European finance ministers in Brussels this week, is viewed as a possible candidate to replace Renzi.

Senate President Pietro Grasso and Transport Minister Graziano Delrio have also been tipped as possible successors.

The government crisis could open the door to elections next year and to the possibility of the opposition 5-Star Movement gaining power in the heart of the single currency area. 5-Star, which campaigned hard for a 'No' vote, wants to hold a referendum instead on membership of the euro.

"I take full responsibility for the defeat," Renzi said in a televised address to the nation, adding that he would hand in his formal resignation to President Sergio Mattarella on Monday.

"I will greet my successor with a smile and a hug, whoever it might be," he said, struggling to contain his emotions when he thanked his wife and children for their support.

"We are not robots," he said at one point.

SUCCESSOR

Sunday's referendum was over government plans to reduce the powers of the upper house Senate and regional authorities but was viewed by many people as a chance to register dissatisfaction with Renzi, who has struggled to revive economic growth, and mainstream politics.

"No" won an overwhelming 59.1 percent of the vote, according to the final count. About 33 million Italians, or two-thirds of eligible voters, cast ballots following months of bitter campaigning that pitted Renzi against all major opposition parties, including the anti-establishment 5-Star.

The euro briefly tumbled overnight to 21-month lows against the dollar, as markets worried that instability could deal a hammer blow to Italian banks, especially the troubled Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena. However, by early in the European morning it had largely rebounded. [FRX/]

Monte dei Paschi shares were suspended, initially falling 7 percent before bouncing back to a small gain. Yields on Italy's benchmark 10-year bond soared to more than 2 percent, but then also retreated back below that mark. [GVD/EUR]

Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi speaks during a media conference after a referendum on constitutional reform at Chigi palace in Rome, Italy, December 5, 2016. REUTERS/Alessandro Bianchi

Monte dei Paschi needs to raise 5 billion euros by the end of this month. A consortium of investment bankers supporting its cash call will meet at 1100 GMT on Monday to decide whether to go ahead with it, a source familiar with the situation said.

Mattarella will consult with party leaders before naming a new prime minister - the fourth successive head of government to be appointed without an electoral mandate, a fact that underscores the fragility of Italy's political system.

In the meantime, Renzi would stay on as caretaker.

The new prime minister, who will need the backing of Renzi's Democratic Party (PD) to take office, will have to draw up a new electoral law, with 5-Star urging a swift deal to open the way for elections in early 2017, a year ahead of schedule.

"From tomorrow, we will start work on putting together 5-Star's future program and the team of people that will make up a future government," said Luigi Di Maio, tipped to be the group's prime ministerial candidate.

Opinion polls put 5-Star neck-and-neck with the PD.

DEMOLITION MAN

Renzi, 41, took office in 2014 promising to shake up hidebound Italy and presenting himself as an anti-establishment "demolition man" determined to crash through a smothering bureaucracy and reshape creaking institutions.

Sunday's referendum, designed to speed up the legislative process, was to have been his crowning achievement.

However, his economic policies have made little impact, and the 5-Star Movement has claimed the anti-establishment banner, tapping into a populist mood that has seen Britons vote to leave the European Union and Americans elect Donald Trump president.

In a moment of relief for mainstream Europe, Austrian voters on Sunday rejected Norbert Hofer, vying to become the first freely elected far-right head of state in Europe since World War Two, choosing a Greens leader as president instead.

But elsewhere, the established order is in retreat. French President Francois Hollande said last week he would not seek re-election next year, and even German Chancellor Angela Merkel looks vulnerable as she seeks a fourth term in 2017.

($1 = 0.9400 euros)

(Additional reporting by Steve Scherer and Isla Binnie; Editing by Kevin Liffey and Pravin Char)

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