Newest weapon in U.S. hunt for insider
traders paying off
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[November 01, 2016]
By Nate Raymond
NEW YORK (Reuters) - When plumber Gary
Pusey pleaded guilty in May to insider trading, it was a victory not
just for New York prosecutors but for a little-known squad inside the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission that uses data analysis to spot
unusual trading patterns.
Formed in 2010, the Analysis and Detection Center of the SEC's Market
Abuse Unit culls through billions of rows of trading data going back 15
years to identify individuals who have made repeated, well-timed trades
ahead of corporate news.
The new strategy is starting to show results, enabling the SEC to launch
nine insider trading cases, around 7 percent of cases the agency brought
since 2014 against people who trade on confidential corporate
information.
It signals a shift in how the agency initiates insider trading probes,
which more often are launched based on referrals from Wall Street's
self-regulator Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or an
informant's tip.
"It's essentially the new frontier," said Andrew Ceresney, the SEC's
enforcement director. "We have tremendous amounts of data available to
use, and we've been developing tools to take advantage of that."
That data was key to spotting trades by Pusey ahead of at least 10 deals
from 2014 to 2015 involving Barclays Plc, where his friend Steven
McClatchey worked.
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The SEC has also used data mining in a high-profile probe of traders who
it says made more than $100 million using information obtained by
Ukrainian hackers.
Others charged include former employees of law firm Wilson Sonsini
Goodrich & Rosati and investment bank Goldman Sachs Group Inc.. In
August, former Perella Weinberg Partners banker Sean Stewart was
convicted in a case credited to the SEC unit. He denies wrongdoing and
is expected to appeal.
10 BILLION ROWS OF TRADING DATA
The cases have come at a time when other U.S. and European regulators
have increasingly looked to find ways to take advantage Big Data in
order to strengthen their enforcement operations and market
surveillance.
The United Kingdom's Financial Conduct Authority has in recent years
taken steps to develop technology to analyze large amounts of data to
pursue market abuse cases.
For the SEC, the six-year data-push has had the benefit of giving it
some extra autonomy in pursuing insider trading probes beyond the
inquiries and referrals that self-regulatory organizations like FINRA
produce for the agency.
"Why wait to do a referral when you could do it proactively?" said
Daniel Hawke, a former chief of the SEC's Market Abuse Unit now at the
law firm Arnold & Porter.
The SEC does not have a direct feed of the markets' trading data.
Instead, it mines 10 billion rows of "blue sheet" data of trades
executed by brokerages that the agency gathered in various
investigations.
Analysts use a home-grown program called Artemis to analyze patterns and
relationships among multiple traders.
Joseph Sansone, a co-chief of the Market Abuse Unit, said the SEC in
particular mines data to identify individuals who repeatedly buy stock
ahead of mergers, enabling the agency to focus on repeat offenders.
"The ability to see pattern of multiple trades over a matter of months
or years gives us confidence to invest resources into investigations,"
he said.
The SEC also uses software from privately-held Palantir Technologies,
which identifies links between individuals and entities by connecting
pieces of information from multiple data sources. In 2015, the agency
awarded a $90 million, five-year contract to Palantir.
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![](../images/110116pics/news_r27.jpg)
Former Barclays Plc director Steven McClatchey leaves the federal
courthouse following his arrest earlier in the day on insider
trading charges, in Manhattan, New York, U.S. on May 31, 2016.
REUTERS/Nate Raymond/File Photo
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PLUMBER'S SCHEME
In Pusey's case, the SEC said that the data unit "detected an
illicit pattern of trading" by the plumber, who successfully traded
ahead of mergers involving companies that included Entropic
Communications Inc and CVS Health Corp.
In all of the deals, the target or acquirer were represented by
Barclays. The SEC referred the case to federal prosecutors in
Manhattan and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
In December 2015, Pusey, 47, began actively cooperating with them,
providing "detailed information" about his source, according to
court papers.
In May, the FBI arrested that source, McClatchey, a close friend of
Pusey's who worked as a director at Barclays.
McClatchey, 58, pleaded guilty in July to tipping Pusey in exchange
for money. He agreed to not appeal any sentence of five years in
prison or less and to forfeit $76,000.
Both men are set to be sentenced later this year. Lawyers for the
defendants did not respond to requests for comment.
To be sure, even with data mining, traditional investigative
techniques like enlisting cooperators and issuing subpoenas for
documents remain key to building out a case. The SEC has in the past
acknowledged that it faces a challenge to keep up with technological
advances in the securities markets it regulates, where spending by a
number financial firms can surpass the agency's own expenditures.
And despite its early success, the SEC's ability to launch cases by
data mining is also limited because it collects trading information
on an ad-hoc basis.
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That is expected to change.
In April, the SEC released a plan to establish a database that
stores every trade order, execution and cancellation. Known as a
"consolidated audit trail," it is a central repository that is
expected to begin getting data from stock exchanges and FINRA by
late 2017.
Thomas Sporkin, a former senior SEC official with the law firm
BuckleySandler, said that new database could significantly advance
the SEC's ability to track suspicious trading.
"Doing surveillance for insider trading today -- it's like we're in
the early days of the automobile," he said. "What the consolidated
audit trail will provide is the future. It's the flying car."
(Additional reporting by Rachel Armstrong and Huw Jones; Editing by
Noeleen Walder and Edward Tobin)
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