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 Famous for his cutting political satire in plays such as 'The
Accidental Death of an Anarchist', Fo won the Nobel prize for
literature in 1997.
He remained a committed activist right to the end, skewering
Italian authorities with his sharp wit and appearing at a rally
in support of the anti-establishment 5-Star Movement last month.
He was admitted to hospital in Milan 12 days ago.
"With Dario Fo, Italy loses one of the great protagonists of
theater, culture and the civic life of our country," said
Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi, who was himself regularly
ridiculed by the irreverent Fo.
"His satire, his research, his work on set design, his
multi-faceted artistic activity remain the legacy of a great
Italian in the world."
Fo and his wife, muse and leading lady Franca Rame, captured the
hearts and minds of ordinary Italians, writing and performing
for stage, radio and television and regularly skewering
political leaders with deft, clever dialogue.
His subversive humor won him a cult status, but also saw him
periodically hounded off the stage and television in an attempt
by the Italian establishment to muzzle him. He was barred from
entering the United States in the early 1980s.
"The Accidental Death of an Anarchist", which brought him
international fame, was based on the true story of a railway
worker who fell to his death from the fourth floor of a Milan
police station where he was being interrogated.
Police said he committed suicide, while Fo suggested he was
killed. The play was first performed in Milan in 1970 and has
since been performed in more than 40 countries.
Awarding him its literature prize, the Nobel Foundation said Fo
"emulates the jesters of the Middle Ages in scourging authority
and upholding the dignity of the downtrodden".
"BLASPHEMOUS"
Born in a small town on the banks of Lake Maggiore in northern
Italy in 1926, Fo spent his childhood following his amateur
actor father who worked on the railways, and absorbing oral
storytelling traditions in taverns and town squares.
He learned narrative techniques from his grandfather, a farmer
who traveled the countryside telling satirical anecdotes about
local news to attract customers to buy his produce.
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As a student, he was called up to the army of Fascist dictator
Benito Mussolini, but escaped and hid in an attic for the last few
months of the war before Italy was liberated.
After the war, he turned his hand to stage design and improvised
monologues.
He elicited praise and censure in 1953 for the co-written play "A
Finger in the Eye" that satirized what Fo saw as historical
falsehoods constructed under Fascism.
Some churches warned their parishioners not to go to see the play,
which the atheist Fo described as "a satirical critique of every
conceivable subject".
Fo met Rame while they were working on the same production in Milan.
They married in 1954 and despite sometimes torrid relations, they
stayed together until Rame's death in 2013.
"I dream every night of Franca and I dream that she is alive," Fo
told Ansa news agency when he turned 90 in 2016 - an age that he
said was crazy. "I still have ideas that I want to pursue, and this
outrages me," he said.
Rame helped Fo write many of his plays, including his most
celebrated work in Italy, "Mistero Buffo", known as "A Comic
Mystery" in English, which was a collection of short scenes
depicting stories from the Bible as told by the powerless.
The Vatican denounced the work as "blasphemous".
In 2013, the Five Star's leader Beppe Grillo said he should become
Italy's next president, but Fo declined to have his name put
forward, saying he was too old and had too much left to do.
"A giant of Italian culture has left us. He was the moral guide of
the 5-Star," said Carla Ruocco, a 5-Star parliamentarian.
(Writing by Crispian Balmer; Editing by Tom Heneghan)
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