Tesla, rivals joust over
how to put self-driving cars on the road
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[October 21, 2016]
By Paul Lienert and Alexandria Sage
DETROIT/SAN
FRANCISCO (Reuters) - Tesla Motors Inc's decision to equip all of its
vehicles with self-driving hardware has intensified competition among
rival camps of technology and auto companies over what equipment will be
on board cars of the future.
Tesla's self-driving system will rely on cameras and radar sensors --
but not lidar, the laser imaging technology most other companies
pursuing self-driving cars are using to generate precise pictures of the
environment around their vehicles.
Tesla also is not using technology from Mobileye <MBLY.N>, the
Israeli-based supplier of computer vision chips and software that
provided components for earlier Tesla models equipped with Autopilot, a
semi-automated system designed to assist with driving but not replace
the driver.
Tesla Chief Executive Elon Musk and Mobileye this summer engaged in a
public dispute over the safety of Autopilot following a fatal crash in
May in which the driver of a Tesla Model S was killed after hitting a
truck while driving on Autopilot.
"Selling a vehicle with the latest and greatest hardware, but an
unproven self-driving software package is a risky strategy," said
Barclays analyst Brian Johnson.
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On Thursday, investors appeared to be betting on Mobileye. Shares of the
company rose 2.6 percent to $38.27, while Tesla shares fell 2.2 percent
to $199.10.
Mobileye supplies two dozen other automakers and suppliers, and has
formed alliances to pursue self-driving vehicle systems with German
automaker BMW AG, U.S. supplier Delphi and chip maker Intel.
"As we move to a higher level of autonomy in vehicles, you're going to
want to have more redundancy," which radar and lidar can provide, Dan
Galves, senior vice president at vision safety system maker Mobileye,
said in an interview. "The more sensors, the better."
A winner in the fallout from the Tesla-Mobileye dispute is Nvidia, the
Silicon Valley chipmaker that will provide processors for the new Tesla
system. Nvidia shares have more than doubled in the past year, and rose
another 1.9 percent on Thursday to close at $67.73.
No automaker, including Tesla, currently offers a fully self-driving
car, although most major manufacturers and suppliers are working
furiously on different technology suites -- including cameras, radar and
lidar -- to enable vehicles to drive themselves.
Google's self-driving cars use a combination of lidar, radar and
cameras. The company has said the multi-sensor approach compensates for
the limitations of each type of sensor.
Cameras do not perform well in the dark or in bright light. Ice and snow
can block a camera's view. Lidar can create a 360 degree view of the
car's surroundings, although it is less effective in fog, rain and snow.
The high cost of lidar, currently about $8,000, is just one of the
obstacles to putting self-driving cars in consumers' hands. But the cost
is rapidly declining and is expected to fall to $25-$100 in the coming
years.
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A Tesla logo is seen on media day at the Paris auto show, in Paris,
France, September 30, 2016. REUTERS/Benoit Tessier/File Photo
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Ford
Motor Co, an investor in lidar manufacturer Velodyne, said it does not plan to
put a fully self-driving vehicle into production for ride-sharing fleets until
2021 and for individual consumers until 2025 or later.
Toyota
Motor Corp has said it does not expect to see Level 5 vehicles -- those
capable of fully automated operation without humans in all situations -- in
widespread use for another 10-15 years.
Major automotive technology suppliers, including Delphi Automotive PLC, Robert
Bosch GmbH [ROBG.UL], Continental AG and Valeo SA, are all developing
self-driving technology and systems that incorporate lidar.
Without lidar, Tesla "will not be able to handle all situations with this array
of sensors," said Marta Hall, head of California-based Velodyne, one of the
largest suppliers of automotive lidar.
UBS analyst Colin Langan raised a concern that while excluding lidar could lower
the overall cost of a self-driving system -- now pegged by Tesla at $8,000
without lidar -- "it would increase negative scrutiny" if it is proven that a
lidar sensor could have prevented a fatal accident.
Regulators have signaled they intend to keep tighter reins on automakers and
other companies, including Alphabet Inc's Google self-driving car project and
Uber Technologies, as they roll out self-driving vehicles on public roads.
Summarizing the concerns of other automakers and suppliers involved in
developing self-driving systems, Langan said Tesla's early deployment of full
automation "without enough testing could have negative long-term consequences"
for widespread adoption of self-driving technology.
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"Lidars are becoming very inexpensive, and they will always add an additional
safety layer. So in these early days of self-driving, I wonder why anyone
wouldn't want to use lidars for added safety," said Sebastian Thrun, former head
of Google's self-driving car project.
(Reporting by Paul Lienert in Detroit and Alexandria Sage in San Francisco.
Additional reporting by Edward Taylor and Eric Auchard in Frankfurt.; Editing by
Alan Crosby)
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