Zika
causes birth defects in one in 10 pregnancies: U.S. study
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[April 05, 2017] By
Julie Steenhuysen
CHICAGO (Reuters) - About one in 10
pregnant women with confirmed Zika infections had a fetus or baby with
birth defects, offering the clearest picture yet of the risk of Zika
infection during pregnancy, U.S. researchers said on Tuesday.
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The report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is
the first to analyze a group of U.S. women with clear, confirmed
test results of Zika infection during pregnancy.
Once considered a mild disease, a large outbreak of the virus that
began in Brazil in 2015 and quickly spread through the Americas
revealed that the mosquito-borne virus can cause severe brain damage
and microcephaly, or small head size, when women are exposed during
pregnancy.
"Zika continues to be a threat to pregnant women across the U.S.,"
Dr. Anne Schuchat, acting director of the CDC, said in a statement.
"With warm weather and a new mosquito season approaching, prevention
is crucial to protect the health of mothers and babies."
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Babies affected by Zika can develop congenital Zika syndrome, which
includes brain abnormalities, vision problems, hearing loss, and
problems moving limbs.
The study comes from the CDC's Zika pregnancy registry, which
includes data from the continental United States and all U.S.
territories except Puerto Rico.
The researchers analyzed data on nearly 1,000 completed pregnancies
in 2016 among women who had some evidence of Zika infection. Most
were infected through travel to a region where the virus was
actively spreading.
Of the 1,000, 51 or about 5 percent had babies or a fetus with one
or more Zika-related birth defect. Because of limitations of
testing, only tests done within the first few weeks of Zika can test
specifically for the Zika virus.
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The team also analyzed 250 women with definitive test results for
Zika. Among these, about one in 10 had a fetus or baby with birth
defects. The risk was even higher among women infected in the first
trimester of pregnancy, where 15 percent of pregnancies resulted in
a fetus or baby with birth defects.
The study also showed that three out of four babies exposed to Zika
had not received brain imaging after birth to diagnose birth
defects.
"We know that some babies have underlying brain defects that are
otherwise not evident at birth. Because we do not have brain imaging
reports for most of the infants, our current data might
significantly underestimate the impact of Zika," CDC's Peggy Honein
told a news briefing.
(Reporting by Julie Steenhuysen; Editing by Marguerita Choy)
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