Tax overhaul drama moves to Senate as House approves its
bill
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[November 17, 2017]
By David Morgan and Amanda Becker
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Congressional
Republicans took important steps on Thursday toward the biggest U.S.
tax-code overhaul since the 1980s, with the House of Representatives
approving a broad package of tax cuts, and a Senate panel advancing its
own version of the legislation sought by senior lawmakers and President
Donald Trump.
The House vote shifted the tax debate to the Senate, where a tax-writing
panel finished debating and approved a bill late Thursday evening. That
measure has already encountered resistance from some within the
Republicans ranks. Full Senate action is expected after next week's
Thanksgiving holiday.
Four Republican senators - enough to derail the legislation - have been
talking privately about opposing the bill because it would balloon the
federal deficit, according to a Time magazine report.
Trump, who is still seeking his first major legislative win since taking
office in January, went to the U.S. Capitol just before the House vote
to urge Republicans to pass the tax bill, which Democrats call a
giveaway to the wealthy and businesses.
"A simple, fair and competitive tax code will be rocket fuel for our
economy, and it's within our reach. Now is the time to deliver," White
House spokeswoman Sarah Sanders said after the largely party-line House
vote of 227-205.
Congress has not thoroughly overhauled the sprawling U.S. tax code since
Republican Ronald Reagan was president. The House measure is not as
comprehensive as Reagan's 1986 package, but it is more ambitious than
anything since then.
The path forward for the tax plan in the Senate, where Republicans have
a narrow majority, is fraught with obstacles about concerns over the
deficit, healthcare and the distribution of tax benefits. Republicans
can lose no more than two Senate votes if Democrats remain united in
opposition.
Senate Republican tax-writers earlier this week made the risky decision
of tying their plan to a repeal of the requirement for people to get
healthcare insurance under former President Barack Obama's Affordable
Care Act. That exposed the tax initiative to the same political forces
that wrecked Republicans' anti-Obamacare push earlier in July.
'FIGHT IS NOT OVER'
The House bill, estimated to increase the federal deficit by nearly $1.5
trillion over 10 years, would consolidate individual and family tax
brackets to four from seven and reduce the corporate tax rate to 20
percent from 35 percent.
It also would scale back or end some popular tax deductions, including
one for state and local income taxes, while preserving a capped
deduction for property tax payments.
Democrats have pointed to analyses showing millions of Americans could
end up with a tax hike because of eliminated deductions. Repealing or
shrinking some deductions is a way to offset the revenue lost from tax
cuts.
"It's a shameful piece of legislation, and the Republicans should know
better," House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi told lawmakers before the
vote.
Senate Democratic leader Chuck Schumer warned Republicans that by
increasing the deficit, the tax bill would imperil other important
priorities such as military spending.
Thirteen House Republicans opposed the bill, all but one from New York,
New Jersey or California - states with high taxes where residents would
feel the pinch from eliminating the deduction for state and local income
taxes.
"This fight is not over. I look forward to continuing negotiations to
improve this proposal for my constituents," said Republican
Representative Lee Zeldin of New York, who voted against the bill.
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U.S. President Donald Trump arrives with Director of the National
Economic Council Gary Cohn at the U.S. Capitol to meet with House
Republicans ahead of their vote on the "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act" in
Washington, U.S., November 16, 2017. REUTERS/Aaron P. Bernstein
Investors have cheered the prospect of a tax overhaul. U.S. stocks rose and the
dollar edged higher against a basket of major currencies on Thursday after the
House vote.
Brian Battle, director of trading at Performance Trust Capital Partners in
Chicago, said stocks' strong gains on the day were helped by the House vote.
"It's helping stocks now and the bond market's turned around," he said. "The tax
plan isn't a foregone conclusion, but it passed the lowest hurdle in the House.
The even higher hurdle is to have something pass in the Senate."
ELECTION PROSPECTS
Republicans have long promised tax cuts and see enacting them as critical to
their prospects of retaining power in Washington in the November 2018
congressional elections, particularly after failing to meet their promise to
repeal the Affordable Care Act, better known as Obamacare.
But it will be a challenge in the 100-seat Senate, where Republicans have only a
52-48 majority.
Senators Jeff Flake and James Lankford are among the four Republicans
considering opposing the plan, Time reported.
A Lankford spokesman said he was "eager to work with colleagues to pass tax
reform."
Flake, who often clashes with Trump and has announced he will not seek
re-election next year, told Reuters on Thursday he was "more worried about the
fiscal problem" than other issues.
Several other senators, including Ron Johnson and Susan Collins, who helped sink
the Republican effort to repeal Obamacare, have expressed concerns.
Johnson announced his opposition because of what he said were unequal rates for
small businesses and non-corporate enterprises known as "pass-throughs," versus
corporations. He is working with the White House to fix the issue, he told
Reuters.
Senator John McCain, a Republican who also voted against the
healthcare overhaul effort this summer, and his colleagues Bob Corker and Lisa
Murkowski, are also considered critical votes.
Nonpartisan congressional analysts say the provision to repeal the health
insurance mandate in the Senate version would drive up premium costs and cause
some 13 million Americans to lose coverage.
The Senate plan also sets individual tax rate cuts to expire while reductions
for corporations are permanent.
If the full Senate approves its measure, it will have to be reconciled with the
House version before legislation can be sent to Trump's desk for his signature.
Republican Representative Tom Cole said that should not be a problem. “There’s
no issue here that can’t be ironed out and settled between us,” Cole told
reporters.
(Additional reporting by Susan Heavey, Susan Cornwell, David Alexander and
Katanga Johnson in Washington and; Sinead Carew in New York; Writing by John
Whitesides; Editing by Kevin Drawbaugh and Peter Cooney)
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