Exclusive: Canada pushed for Airbus deal
as Bombardier courted China
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[October 25, 2017]
By Allison Lampert and Tim Hepher
MONTREAL/PARIS (Reuters) - The Canadian
government encouraged Bombardier to make a deal with Airbus SE for its
CSeries planes to thwart a potential venture with Chinese investors,
according to five sources familiar with the matter.
It signaled its preference for Airbus after Bombardier failed to reach
an agreement with Boeing Co earlier this year that would have given the
U.S. company a stake in the CSeries jetliners, according to the sources.
The Canadian government's role has not been previously reported.
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's administration took a calculated risk in
steering Bombardier toward Airbus, according to the sources. It helped
save a key product for Bombardier and likely resolved a brewing trade
dispute with the United States, but potentially set back efforts to
improve trade and economic ties with China.

The deal with Airbus came at a critical time for Bombardier. Its $6
billion CSeries program, already losing money, had become the subject of
a trade dispute in which Boeing charged in a complaint to U.S.
authorities that the jetliners benefited from Canadian government
subsidies and unfair pricing.
Bombardier had considered a Chinese partnership as early as 2015, after
talks about a possible merger with Airbus became public and fell apart.
This year, as negotiations with Boeing over a CSeries partnership
faltered and concerns about the future of the program mounted,
Bombardier's interest in a deal with China intensified, two sources
said.
The prospect of such a deal raised concern within the Canadian
government, two of the sources said, where officials believed jobs or
technology could be "siphoned away" to China. They also expressed
uneasiness about what some saw as inadequate Chinese safeguards against
intellectual property theft.
In a series of calls with Bombardier in August and September, Innovation
Minister Navdeep Bains and Trade Minister Francois-Philippe Champagne,
as well as senior officials in Trudeau’s office, urged Bombardier to
contact the European company, the two sources said.
“From the federal government’s point of view, anything was better than a
link-up with China," according to an Ottawa source. The source said the
government suggested to Bombardier that Chief Executive Alain Bellmare
reach out to his counterpart at Airbus, Tom Enders.

The government's efforts eventually helped pave the way for an Oct. 16
agreement in which Airbus took a majority stake in the narrow-body,
medium-range CSeries jets for one dollar.
But they also came at a time when Ottawa is pushing for closer economic
ties with Beijing. Canada, concerned about Washington’s threats to scrap
the NAFTA trade deal, wants to bolster relations with China in order to
cut its heavy dependence on exports to the United States. Talks between
Ottawa and Beijing are ongoing.
Bombardier declined to discuss its CSeries negotiations. Representatives
of Bains, Champagne and Trudeau declined to comment. Beijing officials
declined to comment. Boeing also declined to comment.
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An Airbus A320neo aircraft and a Bombardier CSeries aircraft are
pictured during a news conference to announce a partnership between
Airbus and Bombardier on the C Series aircraft programme, in
Colomiers near Toulouse, France, October 17, 2017. REUTERS/Regis
Duvignau/File Photo

Asked whether Airbus had stepped in because of concerns about China
obtaining a stake in the CSeries, Airbus CEO Enders said: “We were
obviously not privy to these discussions.”
AN IMPERFECT PARTNER
Bombardier's most recent discussions about a Chinese tie-up centered
on Comac, a Chinese state-owned firm developing passenger jets,
according to a source familiar with the Canadian company's thinking.
Financial terms of any potential deal were not known. Comac did not
immediately respond to requests for comment.
Sources said Comac was also among the companies Bombardier held
talks with in 2015, along with national aerospace conglomerate AVIC
and possibly a state-owned investment fund.
For Bombardier, a tie-up with the Chinese would have offered access
to the world's fastest-growing aviation market, providing a boost to
its struggling CSeries program. Bombardier has not a secured CSeries
sale in 18 months.
Inside Bombardier, however, executives worried that talks with
potential Chinese partners were not moving quickly enough, according
to sources.

With discussions stalled, Bombardier approached Boeing last spring,
three of the sources said. Bombardier offered Boeing a stake in the
CSeries under similar terms to those later offered to Airbus, two of
the sources said.
The U.S. company agreed to study the proposal, but eventually
decided against it based on its experience with a troubled purchase
of Canadian aerospace assets in the late 1980s.
That once again Bombardier's focus back on a deal with the Chinese -
until Ottawa pressed the case for discussions with Airbus over the
summer.
Asked why senior Canadian federal officials suggested to Bombardier
that it talk to Airbus, the Ottawa source said: "People felt that
Bombardier might not have thought of this option, given the collapse
of the earlier talks."
Officials from Airbus and Bombardier soon began what would be a
series of meetings at restaurants in Paris, London and Munich. The
meetings involved only four people - the two CEOs along with another
executive from each company. A representative of the Canadian
government did not attend.
(Additional reporting by Brenda Goh in Shanghai; Editing by Amran
Abocar and Paul Thomasch)
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