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 A right-wing pro-government newspaper has criticized a hugely
popular exhibition of her work at the Hungarian National Gallery
in Budapest for "promoting communism".
The criticism comes as part of a wider national debate on
culture and cultural policy since nationalist Prime Minister
Viktor Orban won a third consecutive mandate in April.
Orban's supporters and pro-government journalists have argued in
the past weeks that after Orban won another strong mandate, it
was now time for a shift in culture towards conservative values
to end what they call a dominance of leftist-liberal artists.
In a July 14 article entitled "This is the way communism is
promoted using state money", the Kahlo exhibition was listed in
the right-wing newspaper Magyar Idok along with some other
galleries, artists and exhibitions.
"You won't believe it but Trotsky has emerged in Budapest again,
this time from Frida Kahlo's bed," the newspaper wrote,
referring to her affair with Leon Trotsky, a key figure in the
Bolshevik seizure of power in Russia, during his later exile in
Mexico. Trotsky was assassinated in 1940.
Kahlo was affiliated with the communist Party of Mexico and is
also said to have decorated the head of her bed with images of
communist leaders Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin and Mao, according
to Mexico's Museo Frida Kahlo.
The Kahlo exhibition, the international musical Billy Elliot and
a string of gallery shows have found themselves under fire in a
series of articles in the newspaper.
The paper added there was "no aesthetic problem" with the
exhibition of the "Mexican communist painter", which is drawing
up to 3,000 visitors a day.
The National Gallery declined comment. Kahlo has become one of
the twentieth century's most famous artists in the decades since
her death, and her work draws huge interest.
The Budapest exhibition of paintings coincides with a Kahlo
exhibition at London's Victoria & Albert Museum that focuses on
her life story through personal artefacts.
NEW ERA
Galvanising the debate about cultural policy, Orban said on July
28 major changes lie ahead in this field and his third election
victory was "nothing short of a mandate to build a new era."
"An era is determined by cultural trends, collective beliefs and
social customs. This is now the task we are faced with: we must
embed the political system in a cultural era," Orban told
hundreds of supporters in a landmark speech.
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A government spokesman declined comment when asked about the
looming changes.
Since Orban was first elected in 2010, his Fidesz party has
rewritten Hungary's constitution, gained control of state media,
and businessmen close to Orban and Fidesz have built empires.
Orban has successfully challenged western liberal taboos, winning
the 2018 election with a strong anti-immigration campaign and by
focusing on the importance of national pride and unity, and a
"strong Hungary".
A group of around 60 artists and art historians signed a manifesto
rejecting the listing of artists in Magyar Idok saying the attacks
were unfounded.
In June, Magyar Idok also published an article by a guest
commentator who accused the musical Billy Elliot in the Hungarian
State Opera of spreading homosexual propaganda among its young
audience. Billy Elliot has been on the program for two years, with
over 100,000 viewers so far.
The State Opera canceled 15 of 44 performances planned for
June-July.
It said in a statement on its website the performances had not been
canceled because of the press controversy. But it noted people had
lost interest in seeing the show following the coverage.
Tamas Fricz, a right-wing political analyst who has helped organize
mass rallies for Orban, said the aim was "not to destroy liberal
culture" but to adjust the system to reflect the right-wing
conservative political dominance, while also preserving the values
of liberal arts.
"The autonomy of individual institutions should be preserved but I
think the government ... has the right to firmly and consciously
favor and support conservative thinking, artists, works of culture,"
Fricz said.
One way would be to channel more money to historical movies showing
the grand chapters of Hungarian history, he said.
"A conservative culture must build itself ... which would show the
historical strength of the Hungarian nation," he said.
(Editing by Alexandra Hudson)
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