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 Nearly four years of war between a Saudi-led coalition and the
Iranian-aligned Houthi group have crippled healthcare and sanitation
systems in Yemen, where some 1.2 million suspected cholera cases
have been reported since 2017, with 2,515 deaths.
The World Health Organization (WHO) warned in October that the
outbreak is accelerating again with roughly 10,000 suspected cases
now reported per week, double the average rate for the first eight
months of 2018.
Most cases have been reported in areas held by the Houthi movement,
which controls most population centers after ousting the
internationally recognized government from Sanaa in 2014.
"We receive information of reported cases of cholera from the
Ministry of Health, then the team sterilizes the house and 20 houses
around it," Nabeel Abdullah al-Wazeer, the Houthis' minister of
water, told Reuters in Sanaa.
"We worked from house to house and on sterilizing water wells. We
also worked on bus-mounted tanks, which transport water in the
private sector to the citizens, as well as sterilizing local
institutions which distribute water."
Adel Moawada, director general of technical affairs at Sanaa's main
water sanitation plant, said there are currently 20 automated
chlorination units installed in wells directly linked to the
capital's water distribution network.
Cholera, which is spread by consuming contaminated food or water, is
a diarrheal disease and can kill within hours. While previous
outbreaks may have helped build immunity in the population, other
diseases and widespread malnutrition can weaken resilience.
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The United Nations says about 14 million people, or half of Yemen's
population, could soon face famine. Some 1.8 million children are
malnourished, according to UNICEF.
Children account for 30 percent of cholera infections.
Pediatrician Mohammed Abdulmughni administers intravenous fluids to
children in WHO tents in Sanaa. Their beds rest on gravel and flies
circle their faces.
"With winter's arrival we expected the numbers would decrease, yet
the cases have been coming in at the same pace," he said. "We
expected positive (diagnoses) cases to decrease but the cases remain
high."
If caught early, acute diarrhea can be treated with oral hydration
salts, but more severe cases require intravenous fluids and
antibiotics.
More than 250,000 cases of cholera have been recorded in Yemen since
the beginning of 2018, with 358 associated deaths, UNICEF
representative Meritxell Relano told Reuters.
"We have prevented an outbreak at the scale of 2017," Relano said.
"But the risk is still there."
(Reporting by Reuters team in Yemen, additional reporting by Julie
Carriat in Paris; Writing by Tuqa Khalid; Editing by Ghaida Ghantous
and Raissa Kasolowsky)
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