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 The deal's potential to disrupt major players across the drug supply
chain nationwide prompted a sell-off in shares of possible rivals,
while sending Amazon shares up 2.5 percent.
PillPack supplies pre-sorted prescription drugs and other services
to people who take multiple medications, a growing market as the
U.S. population ages and requires treatment for multiple complex,
chronic conditions.
Amazon is vying for a share of what is a more than $450 billion
total U.S. prescription drug market, according to research firm
IQVIA. Although PillPack expects sales to exceed only about $100
million this year, Amazon's huge customer base and existing shipping
infrastructure could allow the company to scale up quickly.
Amazon could also negotiate directly with pharmaceutical companies,
giving them the ability to offer cheap generic drugs even to
customers without health insurance, according to industry experts.
But it will face deeply entrenched competition dominated by
pharmacies run by CVS Health, Walgreen Boots Alliance and Walmart
Inc, and pharmacy benefits provided by CVS, Express Scripts
UnitedHealth Group.
"Amazon's acquisition of PillPack is a warning shot in what is about
to become a major battle within the pharmacy space," said Neil
Saunders, managing director of GlobalData Retail.
The value of the deal was not disclosed. Bloomberg reported it to be
$1 billion, citing a person familiar with the matter.
Pharmacy chains and drug wholesalers lost about $14 billion in
market value on Thursday, while Amazon gained about $5.5 billion.
Shares of CVS closed down 6.1 percent, while Walgreen fell 10
percent. Shares of drug wholesalers McKesson Corp, Cardinal Health
and AmerisourceBergen all fell.
JOINT VENTURE
The news comes just a week after a joint venture of Amazon,
Berkshire Hathaway Inc and JPMorgan Chase & Co named a CEO who will
be tasked with significantly cutting healthcare costs for its
estimated 1 million employees and dependents.
Although brick-and-mortar stores might feel the effects of Amazon's
competition, the biggest battles will likely be fought by mail-order
pharmacies, which generally serve patients with chronic conditions
such as diabetes and heart disease that may require drugs to control
blood pressure, cholesterol and other problems.
PillPack said it has tens of thousands of customers across the
country. But its expectation of over $100 million in 2018 revenue
pales compared with larger rivals. CVS last year had about $45.7
billion in revenue from its mail order pharmacy business, accounting
for about 15 percent of its pharmacy claims.
Pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) negotiate prescription drug pricing
for employers and health plans and run large mail-order pharmacies,
offering incentives to patients to fill prescriptions with them.
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Doctors and PBMs have long said patients not properly taking their
medicines is one of the main causes of increased healthcare costs,
leading to hospitalizations and more severe health issues. Companies
like PillPack and Express Scripts that offer care management
services to improve patient compliance are seen as increasingly
important in helping control rising costs.
With Amazon's announcement Mizuho analyst Ann Hynes, in a note, said
pending health insurer/PBM mergers of Aetna Inc with CVS and Cigna
Corp with Express Scripts "are even more critical now."
NOT WORRIED
Walgreen CEO Stefano Pessina, on a conference call after reporting
quarterly results, said he was "not particularly worried" about the
PillPack deal.
"The pharmacy world is much more complex than just delivering
certain pills or certain packages," Pessina said.
That said, Pessina added, "We know that we have to change the level
of our services to the customers, and we are working quite hard on
that direction."
Some analysts played down the immediate threat.
"I believe they bought this to learn about the market and to
determine if they are able to make larger investments," said
Morningstar analyst Vishnu Lekraj.
Cantor Fitzgerald analyst Steven Halper noted that PBMs typically
require health plan members to use their own mail order pharmacies.
He said PillPack could be kicked out of current PBM networks,
"especially if Amazon has designs of significantly ramping its
prescription volume."
Express Scripts dropped PillPack from its network in April 2016,
alleging that it had misrepresented itself as a retail pharmacy. The
two reached an agreement a month later.
PillPack holds pharmacy licenses in all 50 states. It is an
in-network pharmacy for some PBMs and for major Medicare Part D
plans, a federal drug benefit to help Medicare beneficiaries pay for
self-administered prescription medicines.
PillPack had attracted interest from Walmart Inc, which was looking
to buy it for less than $1 billion, CNBC reported in April. The
Amazon deal is expected to close during the second half of 2018.
To view a graphic on Amazon disrupts the health and pharmacy space,
click: https://reut.rs/2tCLjss
(Reporting by Sonam Rai and Ankur Banerjee in Bengaluru; additional
reporting by Ben Hirschler in London and Michael Erman and Jilian
Mincer in New York, writing by Bill Berkrot; Editing by Anil D'Silva,
Bill Rigby and Richard Chang)
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