| In 
				2018, Morgan Stanley advised on 22 campaigns, working with 
				Akamai Technologies, SandRidge Energy and Cigna when those 
				companies faced pressure from prominent agitators such as 
				Elliott Management and Carl Icahn, the data showed.
 Unlike announced mergers and acquisitions, many companies that 
				fend off activists do so quietly and do not want their advisers 
				making the situations public. This can create discrepancies in 
				the data gathered in the league tables.
 
 Goldman Sachs advised on 18 public campaigns in 2018. In 2017 
				Goldman advised on six public deals, trailing Morgan Stanley, 
				Lazard and Raymond James, claiming the fourth spot, Refinitiv 
				data shows.
 
 Lazard dropped to the number three spot in 2018, advising 16 
				companies. In 2017, a less busy year overall, Lazard advised 14 
				companies.
 
 Spotlight Advisors, founded by Greg Taxin, a lawyer who worked 
				as an investment banker at Goldman Sachs and Banc of America 
				Securities, made its first appearance on the list, capturing the 
				No. 4 four spot ahead of UBS, Citi, Raymond James, Credit Suisse 
				and Moelis & Co.
 
 Activists were busier than ever last year and launched 500 
				campaigns, 5 percent more than in 2017. They pushed companies to 
				spin off divisions and asked for board seats, among other 
				demands.
 
 Consumer cyclical companies were the most heavily targeted last 
				year, Refinitiv said, with 90 campaigns in the sector. One 
				prominent campaign was at Campbell Soup Co, where Daniel Loeb's 
				Third Point tried to replace all directors and initially pushed 
				for a sale of the company.
 
 Elliott Management, which launched campaigns at BHP Billiton 
				Ltd, Qualcomm Inc, Bayer AG and Pernod Ricard last year, was 
				ranked as the busiest activist, having launched 27 campaigns in 
				2018.
 
 It beat out GAMCO Investors for the top spot.
 
 Starboard Value, ranked as the third-busiest activist with 11 
				campaigns in 2018.
 
 Innisfree and Okapi were the top proxy solicitors, firms hired 
				to gather shareholders' votes, while Olshan Frome Wolosky beat 
				out two competitors to rank as the busiest law firm with 101 
				mandates working for activists.
 
 (Reporting by Svea Herbst-Bayliss; Editing by Dan Grebler)
 
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