Vaccine carrots or sticks? U.S. businesses grapple with getting
employees inoculated
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[December 11, 2020] By
Erwin Seba and Jessica Resnick-Ault
HOUSTON (Reuters) - U.S. workers could soon
face choices such as free COVID-19 shots and a cash bonus if all get
immunized, or those unwilling to be vaccinated get reassigned or even
lose their jobs.
Those options are being studied by businesses hoping to bring at-home
employees back without triggering a backlash or violating federal and
state employment law. Companies are consulting with lawyers, health care
experts and polling their workers to gauge when to offer carrots and
when to use a stick.
Workplace programs could come following U.S. approval of the first
vaccine this week. But the array of choices reflects huge hurdles. A Pew
Research poll shows 21% of Americans are firmly opposed, with 60% likely
to get a shot. That split, and worries about side effects, have led to a
wide variety of potential options.
"Some of my clients say 'if you get a vaccine, we'll give you a bonus,'"
said Rogge Dunn, who runs a Dallas law practice and is advising
businesses on setting up programs to encourage workers to get
inoculated.
Employees may not be easily swayed.
"All this rushing has me nervous," said a registered nurse in Georgia,
who insisted no incentive would change her mind. She spoke on condition
of anonymity and believes the fast pace of development raises the risk
of neurological problems such as Guillain-Barre syndrome.
Other workers say they will freely line up for shots once the rollout to
health care workers proves successful.
"I’m willing to take it, but not maybe immediately," said Sean Rollins,
a 37-year-old Massachusetts carpenter who wants to see if serious side
effects emerge. Protecting his family is more important than any
incentive, but free would be nice.
"I want to get it as soon as possible. No incentive necessary," said
Alissa Gabriel, 51, a San Diego, California, municipal worker, who
believes the vaccines will help workers return to their office towers
from remote work.
Among big employers starting to formulate policies are oil giant Chevron
Corp, auto maker Ford Motor Co, retailer Target Corp, restaurant chain
Ford's Garage, the United Steelworkers union, and refiners' Marathon
Petroleum and Citgo Petroleum.
Their efforts are preliminary given FDA vaccine approvals remain
outstanding.
Private employers could set up mandatory vaccinations so long as they
offer accommodations to workers with religious and medical conditions
that would exempt them, said Sarah Mitchell Montgomery, a partner at
Jackson Walker LLP advising corporate clients. The direct threat posed
by the COVID-19 pandemic will allow mandatory programs to win approvals
soon, she believes.
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Customers wait in the pharmacy department of a Target store in the
Brooklyn borough of New York June 15, 2015. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid/File
Photo
"There may be situations where there is not a good accommodation," such as
allowing those employees to continue to work from home, wear protective clothing
or equipment on the job, she said. To protect workers from unvaccinated
employees, companies also could argue they need to remove recalcitrant staff to
protect others, she said.
Marathon Petroleum, the largest U.S. oil refiner, "is developing plans for its
use of COVID vaccines," said spokesman Jamal Kheiry. Policies for its
60,000-person workforce are still being formulated, he said.
Target, which has more than 1,700 retail stores with in-house pharmacies, said
it plans to use those health care outlets to offer authorized vaccines to store
workers and shoppers as supplies become available.
Ford Motor ordered freezers to be able store vaccines and begin a voluntary
immunization program when supplies allow. General Motors and Fiat Chrysler
Automobiles also are weighing internal programs.
Vaccination programs, exemptions and access are being studied by union
officials. The United Steelworkers union, which represents teachers, healthcare,
mining, petrochemical and government workers, is looking to the CDC for
recommendations. But it is concerned about workers being told to get vaccinated.
"Vaccination should be strongly encouraged," said Michael Wright, USW director
of health, safety and environment, but not mandatory. Workers who develop side
effects should receive free health care and be paid for time out of work, he
said.
“The questions we have are: what is the strategy if there are side effects, and
who is responsible for that?” said Wright. The federal National Vaccine Injury
Compensation Program that evaluates injury claims is slow and uncertain, he
said.
Restaurants, which have been hit hard by customers staying away, are gearing up
to pay for the vaccines and encourage most staff to get them, said Steve Shlemon,
chief executive of Ford's Garage, a 15-restaurant chain based in Tampa, Florida.
It will cover the cost for its 1,800 staff and has urged they and other
hospitality industry employees be designated essential workers to speed access.
The call mirrors that by Uber Technologies for its drivers.
"We plan to secure as much as we could and offer to employees at our expense,"
said Shlemon. The vaccine might convince at-home employees to return without
fear of getting infected, and protect customers, he said.
(Reporting by Erwin Seba and Jessica Resnick-Ault. Writing and additional
reporting by Gary McWilliams; Editing by Lisa Shumaker)
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