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 The coronavirus has infected more than 168,000 people worldwide and
killed at least 6,610, according to the World Health Organization
(WHO).
While the bulk of those infected experience only mild symptoms, it
is severe or critical in 20% of patients. The virus mortality rate
is about 3.4%, the WHO has estimated.
As scientists scramble to develop a vaccine, researchers at
Australia's Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity said
they had taken an important step in understanding the virus.
By examining the blood results from an unidentified woman in her
40s, they discovered that people's immune systems respond to
coronavirus in the same way it typically fights flu.
The findings help scientists understand why some patients recover
while others develop more serious respiratory problems, the
researchers said.
"People can use our methods to understand the immune responses in
larger COVID-19 cohorts, and also understand what’s lacking in those
who have fatal outcomes," said Katherine Kedzierska, professor of
microbiology and immunology at the University of Melbourne, which
took part in the research. COVID-19 is the disease caused by the
coronavirus.
As researchers monitored the Australian patient's immune response,
they were able to accurately predict when she would recover.
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Researchers did not name the patient, but said she was an Australian citizen who
was evacuated out of Wuhan, the epicentre of the coronavirus outbreak in China.
Health Minister Greg Hunt described the development as "world leading" and a
major development in research on the disease.
"It's about fast-tracking a vaccine by identifying which candidates are most
likely to be successful," Hunt told reporters. "It's also about fast-tracking
potential therapies and treatments for patients who already have coronavirus."
At least a dozen drugmakers around the world are working on vaccines or
antiviral and other treatments for the fast-spreading contagion.
But investment costs for vaccines could run as high as $800 million in a process
that, even if accelerated, will likely take more than a year until approval,
according to executives from companies involved in the effort.
(Reporting by Colin Packham; Editing by Robert Birsel and Jane Wardell)
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