Factbox: On climate, it's Biden's green revolution versus Trump's war on red tape

[September 12, 2020]  By Valerie Volcovici and Timothy Gardner

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The U.S. presidential election pits a politician who plans to tie the country's economic recovery to tackling climate change against another determined to remove as many regulatory hurdles to oil, gas and coal production as possible.

President Donald Trump, a Republican, has focused on dismantling former President Barack Obama's climate agenda to free the energy and auto industries from the costs of regulations meant to protect health and the environment.

Joe Biden, a Democrat who served as Obama's vice president, has beefed up his strategy to tackle climate change with a focus on a new massive green infrastructure to re-invigorate the U.S. economy that is reeling from the worldwide coronavirus pandemic.

As deadly wildfires tear through all three states on the West Coast and remind Americans of climate change's risks, here are some of the major issues at play in the Nov. 3 election.

CLIMATE PLANS

Biden, heeding calls from his party's progressives for a faster transition away from fossil fuels, has proposed $2 trillion in spending over his first four-year term and aims to achieve 100% clean electricity by 2035.

Biden's proposals include upgrading 4 million buildings for energy efficiency, building 1.5 million energy-efficient homes and public housing, and investing in public transportation in cities with over 100,000 residents.

Power utilities have pointed out that his plan depends on rapid advances in nascent technologies.

Biden supports research on high-tech nuclear energy that would be virtually emissions free but likely still have waste issues.

Trump does not have a climate plan on his campaign website. Instead, the site highlights his administration's focus on unraveling Obama-era regulations. This includes the Clean Power Plan, which he replaced with a weaker standard called the Affordable Clean Energy rule to cut pollution without damaging the coal industry.

Trump has rejected mainstream science on climate. But he said in September while announcing a decision to ban drilling off the coast of Florida that Republican lawmakers told him he could be "the number one environmental President since Teddy Roosevelt."

Like Biden, he supports advanced nuclear technology.

AUTO EMISSIONS

Biden wants to strengthen auto emission standards set during the Obama administration. Trump, who had called the regulations "industry killing," replaced the standards with weaker ones in March.

Biden has also proposed incentives for auto manufacturers to produce zero-emission cars, a federal procurement program for clean vehicles and set a goal for all new American-built buses to be zero-emissions by 2030. He has also called for the installation of 500,000 electric vehicle charging stations by 2030 and ending fossil fuel subsidies.

Democratic U.S. presidential nominee Joe Biden waves to supporters as he arrives at the Pennsylvania AFL-CIO headquarters on Labor Day in Harrisburg, PA, U.S., September 7, 2020. REUTERS/Kevin Lamarque/File Photo

BLUE COLLAR WORKERS

Trump had a vision of a renaissance in "beautiful clean coal," the fuel that emits the most carbon dioxide when burned, and invited miners to the White House in early 2017 as his administration announced plans to slash air and water regulations.

But due to abundant natural gas and falling prices for wind and solar power, Trump has failed to stop coal plant shutdowns during his term in office. Coal-fired electricity output fell 18% last year to the lowest level since 1975.

Trump is also focused on protecting the drilling and other fossil fuel industries, a major source of blue collar jobs.

Biden has resisted a push by his party's liberal wing to impose a nationwide ban on fracking. The drilling technique increases emissions of gases linked to climate change but supports jobs across the country and has allowed the United States to become the world's top oil-and-gas producer. Biden also supports investing in coal communities by offering alternatives to mining work.

CLIMATE DIPLOMACY

Trump put in motion a process to remove the United States, the world's No. 2 emitter of greenhouse gases behind China, from the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement that brought countries together to mitigate global warming, saying it was too costly. Andrew Wheeler, the head of the Environmental Protection Agency, says the Democratic-led climate change fight hurts the poor.

Biden has said he will return the United States to a leadership role on climate change, assertively restoring a U.S. role in future climate negotiations to advance the goals of the Paris Climate Agreement.

He has said he brought China's President Xi Jinping on board with the Paris pact, a claim some former Obama administration officials have said was overstated. Biden wants to make a diplomatic push to persuade China to stop financing coal plants through its belt-and-road initiative.

(Reporting by Timothy Gardner, Valerie Volcovici and Trevor Hunnicutt; Editing by Colleen Jenkins, Richard Valdmanis and Dan Grebler)

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