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 The data, gathered from site visits and logs reviewed by Reuters,
shows the facilities buried or cremated more than 6,520 bodies in
April 2021, up from about 1,980 in April 2020, in the early part of
the first wave of coronavirus infections.
Official data for the district of Surat, home to about 6 million
people, indicates however that a total of only 585 COVID-19 deaths
were recorded for both the city and district in April this year.
(For a graphics-led story on India's cremations crisis, click on
https://tmsnrt.rs/3oXNRNa. Open this link in an external browser.)
The discrepancy between the number of deaths recorded by the
crematoriums and graveyards and those officially linked to the virus
raises questions about the accuracy of Surat's fatality data at a
time when healthcare experts have raised concern about significant
underreporting of COVID-19 deaths across India.
Surat municipal commissioner Banchha Nidhi Pani said large numbers
of patients had come from outside the city, inflating the figures
from the city's crematoriums and graveyards.
"The increase in the number of deaths can be largely attributed to
this," he said.
State government data shows 1,205 probable COVID-19 deaths in Surat
in April were those of people from other places, he said.
Reuters reported last month that several major cities were reporting
far larger numbers of cremations and burials under coronavirus
protocols than official COVID-19 death tolls.
The new figures, from all of the large facilities in Surat, are
among the most comprehensive for an Indian city to date.
They tally with media reports from hospitals and death certificate
data across the state of Gujarat, home to Surat.
Divya Bhaskar, a Gujarati-language newspaper, reported 123,873 death
certificates were issued in the state from March 1 to May 10, up
from 58,068 for the corresponding period last year. Registered
deaths in Surat rose by a similar amount.
Gujarat’s junior home minister, Pradipsinh Jadeja, said in response
that the state government had a transparent online system of issuing
death certificates, and the disparity could stem from delayed
reporting in the same 2020 period because of a coronavirus lockdown
nationwide.
'TSUNAMI OF BODIES'
At Ashwini Kumar crematorium, the largest in the city best known for
its diamond-polishing industry, there were 3,129 cremations in
April, according to trustee Prashant Kabrawala.
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 That is up from about 1,200 in
April 2020.
Nine gas crematoriums, capable of processing a
body every 45 minutes, worked non-stop, with
some relatives not being given time to pay their
respects, he said.
"It was like a tsunami of bodies," said Subash,
a senior official at the cremation ground, who
declined to be identified by his second name.
"We were going to collect bodies from hospitals every 25 to 30
minutes. Even at night the surge did not stop."
At Kurukshetra crematorium, the city's second largest, furnaces ran
for so long without a break that a chimney collapsed because of
overheating.
White smoke bellowed out of three chimneys as bodies were being
burnt.
The facility cremated more than 100 bodies a day on several days in
April, according to records. At a crematorium in the
Umra area - the city's third largest - Reuters reviewed data showing
212 bodies were cremated in April 2020. This year, it rose to 874.
The trend was the same at four Muslim burial grounds visited by
Reuters, where workers have had to hire mechanical excavators to
keep up with demand.
At the Gore Gariba Kabrastan, the oldest and largest graveyard in
Surat, the number of burials jumped to an all-time high of 91 in
April this year, compared with 19 in the same month last year,
according to Aiyub Mohamed Yacoobali, secretary and managing trustee
of the site.
"The average number is around 20 a
month, but this April has been extraordinarily harsh," he said.
The graveyard employs four permanent grave diggers but had to hire
two more due to the unprecedented rush for burials. Even that wasn't
enough.
"The six grave diggers were working non-stop, but the situation was
still unmanageable," Yacoobali said.
"We had to hire a JCB in April to dig the graves," he said,
referring to a mechanical digger.
(Reporting by Rupam Jain in Surat and Sumit Khanna in Ahmedabad;
Writing by Alasdair Pal; Editing by Robert Birsel)
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