EU sets out green industry plan to counter U.S., China subsidies
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[February 01, 2023] By
Philip Blenkinsop
BRUSSELS (Reuters) - The European Commission proposed a plan on
Wednesday to try to ensure Europe can compete with the United States as
a manufacturing hub for electric vehicles and other green products and
reduce its dependence on China.
Commission President Ursula von der Leyen announced a loosening of EU
state aid rules, a repurposing of existing EU funds, faster approval of
green projects and drives to boost skills and to seal trade agreements
to secure supplies of critical raw materials.
The plan is partly a response to multi-billion-dollar support programmes
of China and the United States, including the latter's Inflation
Reduction Act.
"Major economies are rightly stepping up investment in net zero
industries," von der Leyen told a news conference. "What we are looking
at is that we have a global playing field."
Many EU leaders are concerned that the local content requirements of the
$369 billion of green subsidies in the U.S. legislation will encourage
companies to relocate, making the United States a leader in green tech
at Europe's expense.
The International Energy Agency estimates the global market for
mass-produced clean energy will triple to around $650 billion a year by
2030, with related manufacturing jobs more than doubling. The European
Union wants a part of the action.
The Commission proposed loosening state aid rules for investments in
renewable energy or decarbonising industry, on a temporary basis, until
end 2025, while recognising that not all EU countries will be able to
offer subsidies to the same extent as France or Germany.
In the short term, von der Leyen said EU members could, for example,
draw on about 250 billion euros ($272.3 billion), much of it remaining
from the EU's post-pandemic recovery fund.
"We know that in the next years, the shape of the economy, the net-zero
economy, and where it is located will be decided. And we want to be an
important part of this net-zero industry that we need globally," von der
Leyen said.
RESISTANCE
The European Commission is hoping member states will back its plan at a
Feb.9-10 summit but it faces a hot debate.
[to top of second column] |
European Commission President Ursula
presents a "communication" detailing the EU's "Green Deal Industrial
Plan" to ensure the bloc plays a leading role in clean tech
production, partly in EU's response to the U.S. Inflation Reduction
Act, which will provide $369 billion of subsidies for electric
vehicles and other green products, in Brussels, Belgium February 1,
2023. REUTERS/Yves Herman
Some EU members have already expressed opposition to parts of the
plan, notably the loosening of state aid rules and the prospect that
bigger countries such as France and Germany would be able to
outspend others.
There is also clear resistance from certain EU members to previous
suggestions that the plan could entail further joint borrowing.
Longer term, the Commission will propose creating a European
Sovereignty Fund to invest in emerging technologies.
In the coming months, the Commission will propose a Net-Zero
Industry Act that could streamline permitting processes and
harmonise standards and a Critical Raw Materials Act to promote
local extracting, processing and recycling.
The bloc is heavily reliant on China for rare earths and lithium,
which are vital materials for the green transition.
The EU executive also wants to seal more free trade agreements and
partnerships to make supply chains more resilient and to open
markets for green goods.
Meanwhile, German chip supplier ZF Friedrichshafen and U.S.
chipmaker Wolfspeed will announce plans on Wednesday to build an
electric vehicle chip plant in the Saarland region, according to
three sources close to the matter.
"Amid the concerns that the U.S. wants to divert investments from
Europe with its Inflation Reduction Act, we're showing that a U.S.
firm wants to invest in Germany," a German government source said.
($1 = 0.9180 euros)
(Additional reporting by Marine Strauss, Kate Abnett, Sudip
Kar-Gupta, Charlotte van Campenhout, Bart Meijer; Writing by Philip
Blenkinsop and Ingrid Melander. Editing by Jane Merriman)
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