Pressure mounts on Macron after violent unrest over pensions
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[March 17, 2023]
By Noemie Olive and Ingrid Melander
PARIS (Reuters) -French President Emmanuel Macron on Friday faced the
gravest challenge to his authority since the so-called Yellow Vest
protests after his decision to push through a contested pension overhaul
without a vote prompted violent unrest overnight.
Cars were torched in Paris and other French cities in the evening during
otherwise peaceful demonstrations involving several thousand people.
Trade unions urged workers to step up and briefly blocked the Paris ring
road on Friday.
"Something fundamental happened, and that is that, immediately,
spontaneous mobilisations took place throughout the country," hard-left
leader Jean-Luc Melenchon said. "It goes without saying that I encourage
them, I think that's where it's happening."
The pension overhaul raises France's retirement age by two years to 64,
which the government says is essential to ensure the system does not go
bust.
Unions, and most voters, disagree.
The French are deeply attached to keeping the official retirement age at
62, which is among the lowest in OECD countries.
More than eight out of 10 people are unhappy with the government's
decision to skip a vote in parliament, and 65% want strikes and protests
to continue, a Toluna Harris Interactive poll for RTL radio showed.
Going ahead without a vote "is a denial of democracy...a total denial of
what has been happening in the streets for several weeks," 52-year-old
psychologist Nathalie Alquier said in Paris. "It's just unbearable."
A broad alliance of France's main unions said they would continue their
mobilisation to try and force a u-turn on the changes. Protests took
place in cities including Toulon on Friday, and more were planned for
the weekend. A new day of nationwide industrial action is scheduled for
Thursday.
While eight days of nationwide protests since mid-January, and many more
local industrial action, had so far been largely peaceful, the unrest
overnight was reminiscent of the Yellow Vest protests which erupted in
late 2018 over high fuel prices and forced Macron into a partial U-turn
on a carbon tax.
'MAYHEM'
Interior Minister Gerald Darmanin said some 310 people had been arrested
by police and he promised to crack down on trouble-makers.
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Demonstrators take cover behind
umbrellas as they gather in Nantes to protest after French Prime
Minister Elisabeth Borne used the article 49.3, a special clause in
the French Constitution, to push the pensions reform bill through
the National Assembly without a vote by lawmakers, France, March 16,
2023. REUTERS/Stephane Mahe
"Opposition is legitimate, protests are legitimate but causing
mayhem is not," he told RTL radio.
Opposition lawmakers said they would file motions of no-confidence
in parliament later on Friday.
But, even if Macron lost his absolute majority in the lower house of
parliament in elections last year, there was little chance this
would go through - unless a surprise alliance of MPs from all sides
is formed, from the far-left to the far-right.
The leaders of the conservative Les Republicains party have ruled
out such an alliance. Individual LR lawmakers said they would break
ranks, but the no confidence bill would require all of the other
opposition MPs and half LR to go through, which is a tall order.
"So far, French governments have usually won in such votes of no
confidence," said Berenberg chief economist Holger Schmieding.
He expected it will be the same again this time even if "by trying
to bypass parliament, Macron has already weakened his position".
Votes in parliament were likely to take place over the weekend or
Monday.
Macron will want to turn the page quickly, with government officials
already preparing more socially minded reforms. He can also choose,
at some point, to fire Prime Minister Elisabeth Borne, who has been
at the forefront of the pension debate.
But either or both moves may do little to quell anger on the
streets.
Amid the unrest on Thursday evening, someone had tagged on a shop
front: "Let's destroy what destroys us."
(Reporting by Michel Rose, Elizabeth Pineau, Matthieu Protard,
Benoit Van Overstraeten, Dominique Vidalon, Kate Etringer, Blandine
Henault, Noemie Olive, Matthieu Protard, Forrest Crellin; Writing by
Ingrid Melander; Editing by Angus MacSwan)
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