Keeping lights off: Undocumented Afghans go underground in Pakistan
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[November 09, 2023]
By Ariba Shahid and Mohammad Yunus Yawar
KARACHI, Pakistan (Reuters) - After living in Pakistan for years,
thousands of Afghans have gone into hiding to escape a government order
to expel undocumented foreigners because they fear persecution under a
Taliban administration in their homeland, rights activists say.
"The gate is locked from the outside... we are locked inside, we can't
come out, we can't turn on our lights, we can't even talk loudly," said
a 23-year-old Afghan woman, speaking online from a shelter where she
said dozens of others had holed up until earlier this week before moving
on to a new hideout.
Local supporters put a lock on the gate so neighbours believe the house
is unoccupied, said other inmates.
The woman, who is from the Afghan capital Kabul, said she fears
prosecution if she returns to Afghanistan because she converted from
Islam to Christianity in 2019 and renunciation of the Islamic faith is a
serious offence under the strict Islamic law practised by the Taliban.
She is one of thousands believed by rights activists to be in hiding in
Pakistan to avoid deportation under a government push for undocumented
migrants to leave the country. That includes over one million Afghans,
many of whom the Pakistan government says have been involved in militant
attacks and crime.
Authorities began rounding up operations across the country after a
deadline for voluntary exits expired on Nov. 1.
Sijal Shafiq, 30, a Karachi-based human rights activist who helped
vulnerable Afghans find shelter before Pakistan's new expulsion policy,
is one of several petitioners asking the Supreme Court to halt the
deportation programme.
"I know several women, girls, who say they would rather die than return
under the Taliban," Shafiq says, adding that they all had professional
dreams and ambitions which would be impossible to realise in
Afghanistan, where women are forbidden from most jobs and can travel
only with a male escort.
There was no immediate comment from a spokesman of the Taliban-run
administration on whether those returning would be screened or
prosecuted under their laws. Pakistan's foreign and interior ministries
also did not respond to requests for comment about exempting at-risk
individuals from deportation.
The Pakistani government has so far brushed off calls from the United
Nations, rights groups and Western embassies to reconsider its expulsion
plan or to identify and protect Afghans who face the risk of persecution
at home.
Western embassies, including the United States, have also provided
Pakistani authorities lists of Afghans being processed for possible
migration abroad, and asked that they be exempt from expulsion, but the
numbers are small compared to the people at risk.
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Saleh Zada, 32, a singer and songwriter, who was born in Badakhshan
province and later moved to Kabul for his education, plays a music
composition on his mobile harmonium app during an interview with
Reuters, in Karachi, Pakistan November 4, 2023. REUTERS/Akhtar
Soomro
'WORSE THAN PRISON'
Reuters spoke to a dozen undocumented migrants trying to stay under
the radar of the nationwide sweep. Because of their situation, they
declined to be identified or asked that their full names not be
used.
They included a 35-year-old father, also a Christian convert, who
fled to Pakistan with his nine-year-old daughter.
Another young girl in the shelter said she fears for her life
because she belongs to the ethnic Hazara minority, which has for
years faced persecution from hardline Sunni extremists in
Afghanistan.
"This is worse than prison," said a 22-year-old Afghan man who said
he ensured the lights remained off at night.
Some locals who are helping the Afghans arrange for food and water
to be secretly smuggled into the shelter under the cover of night.
Afghan singer Wafa, 28, fears her days of refuge in Pakistan, where
she moved shortly after the Taliban takeover over two years ago, are
coming to an end because her visa has expired.
Speaking from a relative's home in Islamabad, she said she hoped
that she could either get asylum in France or Canada, or make
Pakistan her home, as her profession of singing Pashto songs, which
she started 11 years ago, is no longer acceptable in Afghanistan,
where the Taliban have banned public music performances.
But she is yet to hear back, and applying for a visa extension
remains unaffordable for her family. In the meantime, she does not
leave the house to avoid widespread snap checks by Pakistani police.
"I am a singer... I know what will happen to me when I'm back," Wafa
said.
Saleh Zada, a 32-year-old singer in Karachi, said he moved from
Afghanistan a year ago.
"I was singing in my village for friends and relatives, we had lots
of parties, singing parties," Saleh Zada said, speaking at a crowded
low-income neighbourhood apartment belonging to his relatives. He
showed Reuters video clips of him playing the harmonium and rubab, a
string instrument, some of which were on social media.
"My family advised me to leave Afghanistan, I feared the Taliban,"
he says, adding that the fear of being picked up by Pakistani
police, because he does not have a valid visa, has kept him indoors
for days.
"Life is difficult here (in Pakistan), but I have to save my life."
(Writing by Gibran Peshimam; Editing by Raju Gopalakrishnan)
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