Law firm tied to bankruptcy judge resignation did not make conflict
disclosures -data analysis
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[October 30, 2023]
By Tom Hals
WILMINGTON, Delaware (Reuters) - A Texas law firm did not follow
standard disclosure practices in at least 27 cases that might have
revealed its former partner was secretly in a romantic relationship with
U.S. Bankruptcy Judge David Jones while the firm was appearing before
him, a data analysis by Reuters has found.
Jackson Walker, a firm with nearly 500 lawyers and deep roots in the
state, failed to disclose in court filings in major bankruptcy cases
including oilfield services company McDermott International whether it
had checked for connections between its attorneys and any judges on the
Houston court, according to a review of the docket.
Jones announced his resignation on Oct. 15 after publicly acknowledging
he had been living for years with his longtime romantic partner
Elizabeth Freeman, who until December was a partner at Jackson Walker.
Court records show Jones approved millions of dollars in fees for
Jackson Walker, the leading local counsel firm for corporate debtors
filing for bankruptcy in Houston since 2019, according to
Bankruptcydata.com. Freeman became a partner in 2018.
Freeman also worked as a contract lawyer for Jackson Walker after
leaving the firm. In April, she secured a key role in a mediation
overseen by Jones to wind down insurance-services provider GWG Holdings,
a job that started at $100,000 a month. Jones and Jackson Walker signed
off on the arrangement without disclosing the relationship, court papers
show.
Jones' announcement of his resignation, due to take effect Nov. 15,
rocked the corporate bankruptcy world. Until then he was the busiest
bankruptcy judge in the United States, overseeing the dissolution or
restructuring of corporate titans ranging from Neiman Marcus to J.C.
Penney. The judge's announcement led to the reassignment of 3,500 cases.
A spokesperson for Jackson Walker and Tom Kirkendall, an attorney for
Freeman, declined to comment.
Jones did not respond to a request for comment left with his chambers.
After allegations about the undisclosed relationship surfaced this month
in a court filing by a litigant challenging an order by Jones, the judge
acknowledged the relationship with Freeman in an interview with the Wall
Street Journal. He said he believed he was not required to disclose the
connection because Freeman did not appear in his courtroom, there was no
economic benefit to him from her legal work and the two are not married.
Jackson Walker said in a statement following Jones' public
acknowledgement that it first learned in March 2021 of an allegation of
a romantic relationship between the judge and Freeman, who joined the
firm after six years working as a clerk for Jones.
Jackson Walker said it investigated the allegation and consulted with
outside ethics experts, and instructed Freeman not to work or bill on
any cases before Jones. It did not identify the ethics experts it
consulted or say what it learned from the investigation.
REQUIRED DISCLOSURES
Law firms and other professionals employed by debtors are required under
a bankruptcy rule to publicly list potential connections so that judges
and other parties in the bankruptcy can assess if there might conflicts
of interest.
The rule does not mention judges specifically; it refers to debtors,
creditors and "parties in interest." But disclosing connections to
judges appears to be a standard practice. In the court filings Reuters
reviewed, the larger national law firms that worked for the debtor
alongside Jackson Walker always indicated that they had searched for
connections to the judges on the bankruptcy court.
Reuters reviewed Jackson Walker's initial applications to represent
debtors with at least $1 billion in debt that were filed in Houston
since 2018 to the present. The list was compiled by Debtwire.
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U.S. Bankruptcy Judge David Jones, who oversees more major Chapter
11 cases than any other U.S. judge, is seen in a screenshot from
video shot during a virtual interview with Reuters done from
Houston, Texas, U.S. December 11, 2020. REUTERS/Staff//File Photo
Jackson Walker filed applications in 30 such cases in Houston during
the period, according to the Reuters analysis of court records. In
only three applications did it file papers indicating that it had
searched for connections to judges, and the firm said it had found
none. It was not immediately clear why Jackson Walker searched for
connections to judges in these three cases and apparently not the
others.
If Jackson Walker lawyers knew of the relationship between Jones and
Freeman but failed to report the connection in cases the firm was
involved in, they may face accusations of having violated bankruptcy
disclosure rules, eight legal experts said. Such violations can
result in disgorgement of fees or even, in rare cases, criminal
prosecution, they said.
In addition, there could be violations of rules of professional
conduct, which require lawyers to report to the state bar
association if they became aware of another lawyer whose conduct
raises a substantial question about their honesty, the experts said.
Violations of the rules could lead to a loss of a license to
practice.
These reports are rare, as are findings of violations, the experts
said.
A misconduct complaint against Jones filed by the chief judge of the
5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in the wake of Jones' Wall Street
Journal interview disputed his characterizations of his disclosure
obligations and said there was probable cause that he engaged in
misconduct.
The misconduct complaint has prompted the U.S. Department of
Justice's bankruptcy watchdog to ask for time to review the
propriety of two mediations overseen by Jones: the GWG Holdings case
and also a case involving Tehum Care Services, a bankrupt affiliate
of prison healthcare company Corizon.
Freeman participated in both mediations.
A lawyer for Tehum did not immediately respond to a request for
comment about the judge's resignation and possible delay in the
case.
It is unclear if the watchdog's review will have an impact on the
case of GWG, since a plan to wind down the company went into effect
in August and the official committee of creditors was dissolved.
Freeman remains the GWG trustee.
An attorney with the Office of the U.S. Trustee watchdog did not
respond to a request for comment.
Bankruptcy judges often serve as mediators in complex cases that are
being run by other judges. In the GWG bankruptcy, Jackson Walker on
Nov. 30 asked the judge overseeing the case to appoint Jones as
mediator. The next day, Freeman began to work for Jackson Walker as
a contract attorney on the case, according to court records.
After months of mediation overseen by Jones, Freeman was appointed
to serve as trustee charged with winding down GWG in an agreement
signed by Jones and Jackson Walker attorneys. The trustee role was
expected to last three years and pay $700 an hour. She was expected
to be paid $100,000 a month for the first six months, then $50,000 a
month after that, according to court documents.
The U.S. Trustee asked the court last week to delay approval of
Jackson Walker's fees in GWG, a request that was granted. The fee
hearing had been scheduled for Friday.
"I am both shocked and saddened," said Bruce Markell, a former
bankruptcy judge, when Reuters showed him the documents, signed by
Jones, that named Freeman as the wind-down trustee.
(Reporting by Tom Hals in Wilmington, Delaware; additional reporting
by Dietrich Knauth in New York; editing by Alexia Garamfalvi, Amy
Stevens and Grant McCool)
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