Euro zone manufacturing downturn eases, China rebound offers hope
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[September 01, 2023]
By Jonathan Cable and Leika Kihara
LONDON/TOKYO (Reuters) -A downturn in euro zone manufacturing eased last
month, suggesting the worst may be over for the bloc's beleaguered
factories, while an unexpected rebound in China offered some hope for
export-reliant economies, private surveys showed.
However, Europe's largest economy Germany remained a negative outlier
among the continent's big players, and factory activity weakened in much
of Asia as manufacturers there felt the pinch from rising input costs
and slowing global demand.
Central banks have aggressively raised interest rates to rein in steep
inflation but are likely at or nearing the end of tightening cycles as
they await the feed-through and look to cushion the blow to their
economies from sluggish global demand.
HCOB's final euro zone manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI),
compiled by S&P Global, rose to a three-month high of 43.5 in August
from July's 42.7, albeit below a preliminary reading of 43.7. A reading
below 50 marks a contraction in activity.
An index measuring output, which feeds into a composite PMI due on
Tuesday and seen as a good gauge of economic health, rose to 43.4 from
42.7.
"We are now in a better position than many had anticipated given how
high interest rates have risen and how quickly. But it is very uneven,"
said Craig Erlam at OANDA.
"It gives the European Central Bank pause for thought as they don't want
to do too little on the inflation front but they also don't want to kill
the economy."
Germany's manufacturing sector, which accounts for about a fifth of its
economy, remained mired in a downturn on weak demand and rapidly falling
output. In France, manufacturing contracted for a seventh month in a
row.
In Britain, outside the European Union, factories suffered their weakest
month since early in the COVID-19 crisis, with orders shrinking
dramatically due to rising interest rates at home and abroad.
MIXED BAG
China's private Caixin/S&P Global manufacturing PMI rose to 51.0 in
August from 49.2, beating analysts' forecasts and exceeding the 50.0
threshold.
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Employees work on the production line at
Jingjin filter press factory in Dezhou, Shandong province, China
August 25, 2022. REUTERS/Siyi Liu/File Photo
The reading came a day after an official survey showed manufacturing
activity contracted for a fifth month, offering a mixed picture on
business conditions in the world's second-largest economy.
While the rebound in China's factory conditions could be a sign that
official efforts to revive growth are starting to have some effect,
manufacturing activity in most of Asia remained stagnant.
In Japan it shrank for a third straight month, while South Korea
extended its longest-ever slump on wage pressures and soft exports,
the surveys showed.
"It's unlikely we'll see a sharp, quick rebound in China's economy.
With the outlook for advanced economies also uncertain, it's hard
for Asian companies to be optimistic on the outlook," said Toru
Nishihama, chief emerging market economist at Dai-ichi Life Research
Institute.
"Stubborn food inflation is also hurting consumption in some Asian
countries. The region's economy could be at a standstill."
Asia has been among the few bright spots in the global economy,
though persistent weakness in China cloud the outlook.
In revised forecasts issued in July, the International Monetary Fund
projects emerging Asia's economic growth will accelerate to 5.3%
this year from 4.5% in 2022. It expects China's economy to expand
5.2% this year after a 3.0% increase in 2022.
Japan's final au Jibun Bank manufacturing PMI came in at 49.6 in
August, unchanged from July and staying below breakeven for a third
month, as input costs rose.
South Korea's PMI fell to 48.9 from 49.4, marking the 14th month of
contraction on weak export orders.
Factory activity also contracted in Taiwan, Malaysia and the
Philippines last month. India, by contrast, saw growth accelerate at
the fastest pace in three months, driven by a strong expansion of
new orders and output.
(Reporting by Jonathan Cable and Leika Kihara, Editing by Shri
Navaratnam and John Stonestreet)
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