North Korea aims to adopt solid-fuel missiles for faster launches
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[April 03, 2024]
By Joyce Lee and Josh Smith
SEOUL (Reuters) -North Korea successfully test-fired a new hypersonic
missile, state news agency KCNA said on Wednesday, the latest step in a
plan its leader Kim Jong Un described as aimed at using solid fuel to
power missiles of all ranges.
The North is developing missiles and nuclear weapons undeterred by
sanctions in the wake of U.N. Security Council bans, while analysts say
solid-fuel missiles can be faster to deploy than liquid-fuel variants.
It drew swift condemnation from neighbours South Korea and Japan, as
well as the United States for firing the intermediate-range ballistic
missile (IRBM) into the sea on Tuesday.
Kim oversaw the launch of the new Hwasong-16B missile, KCNA said,
calling it a strategic weapon showcasing the "absolute superiority" of
the North's defence technology.
It perfects the North's project for "putting all the tactical,
operational and strategic missiles with various ranges on solid-fuelled,
warhead-controlled and nuclear warhead-carrying basis," Kim said,
according to KCNA.
That would give North Korea the capacity for "rapidly, accurately and
powerfully striking any target in the enemy side worldwide," Kim said.
South Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) said the launch probably
focused on testing the missile's flight performance in the early stage
of development, an area in which North Korea appeared to have made
partial progress.
But it "exaggerated" several specifications, from flight range to a
delay in igniting the second-stage engine and quickly changing flight
orbit, the JCS said.
![](http://archives.lincolndailynews.com/2024/Apr/03/images/ads/current/beasonag_sda_SFARM_2024.png)
Analysts said it was unclear if the North would exclusively build
solid-fuel missiles in future, and what a switch would mean for its
arsenal of liquid-fuel weapons, such as its largest Hwasong-17 and
Hwasong-15 intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs).
North Korea may heavily favour solid-fuel systems where possible, but
actually phasing out liquid-fuel weapons would likely only play out over
years, said Ankit Panda of the U.S.-based Carnegie Endowment for
International Peace.
"There are obvious strategic advantages to an all-solid-fuel force for
them in the form of greater promptness, responsiveness, and
survivability," he added.
North Korea would need to have high confidence in its production
capabilities to allow solid-fuel missiles to sit for a number of years,
during which they may develop imperfections that lead to in-flight
failures, Panda added.
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![](../images/040324PIX/news_w48.jpg)
North Korean leader Kim Jong-un attends a test launch of a possible
new mid- to long-range solid-fuel hypersonic missile, at an unknown
location in North Korea, April 2, 2024, in this picture released on
April 3, 2024, by the Korean Central News Agency. KCNA via REUTERS
![](http://archives.lincolndailynews.com/2024/Apr/03/images/ads/current/graue_lda_SFARM_2024.png)
"India and other countries have had problems with this sort of thing
with solid-fuel missiles," he said. "Liquid-fuel missiles, despite
their strategic disadvantages, don't face this particular long-term
handling problem."
A move away from liquid fuel would be surprising, given recent state
media coverage of such weapons, but would make sense if North Korea
wants an extremely responsive missile force, said Decker Eveleth of
the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies in California.
"Solid-fuel missiles are much, much faster to get off the ground in
an emergency," he said in a post on X.
Such a shift could also see North Korea place some ICBMs in silos,
in addition to the mobile launch vehicles it has exclusively used so
far, Eveleth added.
North Korea's pursuit of hypersonic vehicles helps its broader
effort to field warheads tougher to intercept.
Warheads typically launched by such missiles travel at more than
five times the speed of sound or about 6,200 kph (3,850 mph), often
manoeuvring at relatively low altitudes.
That manoeuvrability, not speed, is the most attractive feature of
such weapons, analysts say, as the latter can sometimes be matched
or exceeded by traditional ballistic missile warheads.
Tuesday's launch, which followed a ground test late in March of a
solid-fuel engine for a new type of intermediate-range hypersonic
missile, was also condemned by Britain, which said it breached UN
Security Council resolutions.
In a rare step, South Korea seized a ship off its coast for
suspected violations of the North Korean sanctions, the Donga Ilbo
newspaper said on Wednesday.
The South's foreign ministry confirmed it was investigating the
vessel for possible violations in co-operation with the United
States, but declined further comment.
(Reporting by Joyce Lee and Josh Smith; Additional reporting by
Hyonhee Shin; Editing by Clarence Fernandez)
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