Dutch court orders halt to export of F-35 jet parts to Israel
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[February 12, 2024]
By Stephanie van den Berg
THE HAGUE (Reuters) - A Dutch appeals court on Monday ordered the
government to block all exports of F-35 fighter jet parts to Israel over
concerns they were being used in violations of international law during
Israel's Gaza offensive.
It said the state had to comply with the order within seven days and
dismissed a request by government lawyers to suspend the order pending
an appeal to the Supreme Court. The state has eight weeks to appeal
against the decision.
"It is undeniable that there is a clear risk the exported F-35 parts are
used in serious violations of international humanitarian law," the court
said.
Israel's massive aerial and ground offensive in the densely populated
Gaza Strip has killed more than 28,000 Palestinians, according to the
Hamas-run enclave's health authorities, and displaced most of its 2.3
million people from their homes.
Israel denies committing war crimes in its attacks on Gaza, which
followed the Hamas cross-border raid on southern Israel on Oct. 7 in
which 1,200 Israelis were killed and around 240 were taken hostage.
The Israeli defence ministry declined to comment on the Dutch court
ruling.
In a separate legal case in January, the U.N.'s top court, the
International Court of Justice, ordered Israel to take action to prevent
acts of genocide in its war against Hamas. The ruling prompted renewed
calls by human rights groups to ban weapons' exports to Israel.
The case against the Dutch government was brought by several human
rights groups, including the Dutch affiliate of Oxfam, last December.
"We hope this ruling will strengthen international law in other
countries so that the citizens of Gaza are also protected by
international law," Oxfam Novib director Michiel Servaes said in a
statement.
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An Israeli Air Force F-35 fighter jet flies during an aerial
demonstration at a graduation ceremony for Israeli Air Force pilots
at the Hatzerim air base in southern Israel, December 27, 2017.
REUTERS/Amir Cohen
UNACCEPTABLE CIVILIAN CASUALTIES
In a first ruling in December, a Dutch lower court had stopped short
of ordering the Dutch government to halt the exports, even though it
said it was likely that F-35s contributed to violations of the laws
of war.
But where the lower court ruled the state had a large degree of
freedom in weighing political and policy issues to decide on arms
exports, the appeals court said such concerns did not trump the
clear risk of breaches of international law.
The appeals court also said it was likely that the F-35s were being
used in attacks on Gaza, leading to unacceptable civilian
casualties. It dismissed the Dutch state's argument that it did not
have to do a new check on the permit for the exports.
The Netherlands houses one of several regional warehouses of
U.S.-owned F-35 parts, from which the parts are distributed to
countries that request them, including Israel in at least one
shipment since Oct. 7.
Presiding Judge Bas Boele said there was a possibility the Dutch
government could allow the export of F-35 parts to Israel in future,
but only on the strict condition they would not be used in military
operations in Gaza.
(Reporting by Stephanie van den Berg and Bart Meijer, Editing by
David Goodman, Angus MacSwan and Alex Richardson)
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