Cholera vaccine stocks 'empty' as cases surge
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[February 15, 2024]
By Jennifer Rigby and Gloria Dickie
LONDON (Reuters) - The emergency global stockpile of cholera vaccines is
empty with all available doses for this month already allocated to
countries battling major outbreaks, two United Nations agencies told
Reuters.
The rest of this year will see a predicted shortfall of at least 50
million doses between demand and supply, a UNICEF official added, as
cases continue to surge worldwide.
“The stockpile is empty,” said Philippe Barboza, cholera lead at the
World Health Organization (WHO), the U.N.’s health agency.
The acute shortage of cholera vaccines has been an issue since at least
October 2022, when the WHO recommended using only one dose, rather than
two, to stretch out the stockpile it jointly manages with other health
agencies.
But the recent surge in cases, particularly in countries including
Zambia and Zimbabwe, has put even more pressure on the scarce supply.
In January alone, 40,900 cases and 775 deaths were reported from 17
countries, the WHO said in an update on the global cholera situation
released on Monday.
Cholera can kill within hours without treatment, although it can also
cause mild or no symptoms. Children under five are at particular risk.
The disease is caused by a bacteria spread in contaminated food and
water, and access to clean water and sanitation are important to stop
the spread. But vaccines are also a life-saving tool.
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A man holds an information poster about cholera outside a tent at
Kuwadzana Polyclinic in Harare, Zimbabwe November 24, 2023. REUTERS/Philimon
Bulawayo
There is currently only one
WHO-approved producer making cholera vaccines for global use, South
Korea’s Eubiologics Co, although efforts are underway to expand the
pipeline.
UNICEF’s deputy director of immunization supplies, Andrew Jones,
said around 2.5 million doses of the vaccine were currently
available monthly, with around 40 million in total expected this
year. However, the demand is expected to be between 90 and 100
million doses for both outbreak response and preventative campaigns
in 2024, he said.
Barboza said some countries are not requesting doses because they
are aware there are none left.
Those that do ask are often unlikely to get their requested amount.
Zambia requested 3.3 million doses of vaccine, but only 1.9 million
were allocated on Feb. 7.
Jones said the agencies managing the stockpile had to “prioritize
those requests... that are expected to save the most lives”.
(Reporting by Jennifer Rigby and Gloria Dickie; Editing by Emelia
Sithole-Matarise)
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