As war with Russia enters third year, US aid to Ukraine hangs in the
balance
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[February 22, 2024]
By Humeyra Pamuk and Patricia Zengerle
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Top Biden administration officials spent last
weekend in Europe trying to soothe jitters over the prospect of U.S.
military aid to Ukraine ending, assuring counterparts from Paris, Berlin
and Kyiv as the war enters its third year that Washington will somehow
come through.
Just two days later, the Republican Speaker of the U.S. House of
Representatives, Mike Johnson, who has so far blocked passage of a bill
that includes $60 billion in new funding for Ukraine, posted a picture
of himself smiling with former Republican President Donald Trump, who
has opposed aid for Kyiv.
The contrast underscored the challenges facing the Biden administration
if Congress fails to approve more military assistance, which Ukraine
desperately needs to hold off Russian invaders.
So far, President Joe Biden's administration has ruled out discussing a
plan B.
Trump, frontrunner for the Republican presidential nomination and a
long-standing critic of the NATO alliance, has in recent weeks
threatened to abandon some European allies if they were to be attacked
by Russia.
As Vice President Kamala Harris and other administration officials
projected confidence last week at a Western security gathering in
Munich, Kyiv was losing territory to Russia. Moscow took control on
Sunday of the town of Avdiivka, its biggest gain in the past nine
months.
"This happened in large part because Ukraine was running out of weapons
due to congressional inaction," Biden National Security Adviser Jake
Sullivan said on Tuesday, warning of worse to come if lawmakers do not
act.
The Senate last week approved a $95 billion bill providing assistance
for Ukraine, Israel and Taiwan by an overwhelming 70-30 vote, with 22
Republicans joining most Democrats in voting "aye." But Johnson sent the
House home for a two-week recess without bringing the measure up for a
vote.
Since then, Senate Republicans and Democrats have joined those urging
passage of the aid.
If approved, the funding would bring the total U.S. investment in the
conflict to $170 billion, although Congress has not approved any major
aid for Ukraine since Republicans took control of the House in January
2023.
Nearly two-thirds of the $60 billion would go to U.S. companies that
make military equipment for Ukraine, much of it to replace materiel
already sent east.
TWO WEEKS WAIT, AT LEAST
The House is unlikely to consider security assistance before mid-March.
Republican House members have said they do not want to take up the broad
$95 billion national security supplemental as it is, although members of
both parties acknowledge it would pass easily if Johnson allowed a vote.
Johnson voted repeatedly against aid for Ukraine before he became House
speaker last year.
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Supporters of Ukraine gather at a rally in front of the
Lincoln Memorial, held to mark the one-year anniversary of Russia's
invasion of Ukraine in Washington, U.S., February 25, 2023.
REUTERS/Anna Rose Layden
"At the end of the day, I do think there's still a majority in the
House that will pass this, it just has to come to the floor,"
Representative Michael McCaul, the Republican chairman of the House
Foreign Affairs Committee and a backer of Ukraine aid, recently told
reporters.
Johnson has suggested he wants to break the security aid legislation
into separate bills for Ukraine and Israel, although two previous
House bills providing aid only to Israel have failed.
Changes would further delay aid for Ukraine as any new measure
passed by the House must also be approved by the Senate before it
can be sent to the White House for Biden's signature.
Other Republicans suggested the House might amend the Senate bill.
McCaul said one possibility was adding a provision - known as the
REPO Act - to confiscate Russian assets and hand them to Ukraine.
Another is converting economic assistance for Ukraine from a grant
to a loan, something backed by Trump.
Some House members have threatened to use a procedural tool known as
a discharge petition to get around the Speaker. That would need
several House Republicans to oppose their leader, so even Ukraine
supporters said they did not expect such an effort before other
options were exhausted.
PLAN B?
If Congress fails to act, Biden appears to have few good options for
supporting Ukraine.
The administration has so far refused to discuss any "Plan B",
instead focusing on the supplemental.
"There is no magic solution to this, absent Congress appropriating
funding," Sullivan said.
One U.S. official said the administration was "doing everything it
can" to meet immediate contingencies and ensure that the assistance
Washington is providing helps Ukraine address shortages on the
battlefield.
Jeremy Shapiro, director of research at the European Council of
Foreign Relations, said if the supplemental fails, the
administration could use various executive powers to help Kyiv.
"They're going to look to shift money from one place to another.
They're going to look for ways to send other monies or equipment to
other allies who will then ship it on onto Ukrainians," Shapiro
said.
"It will certainly make this less efficient and they'll be able to
spend less," he added.
(Reporting by Patricia Zengerle and Humeyra Pamuk; Editing by Don
Durfee and Daniel Wallis)
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