Act of faith: Kenya enlists evangelical pastors to guide Haiti mission
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[June 05, 2024]
By Aaron Ross
NAIROBI (Reuters) - In the months leading up to Kenya's deployment of
police officers to Haiti, President William Ruto has consulted political
advisers, security officials and foreign leaders about the high-profile
anti-gang mission.
He also turned to less conventional counselors: a circle of Christian
evangelical pastors close to him and his wife.
The pastors have issued recommendations to Ruto and served as a conduit
between Haitian communities and the president, according to interviews
with two of the pastors and three Haitian and American evangelical
leaders.
Spokespeople for President Ruto and his wife, Rachel, did not respond to
requests for comment for this story.
The pastors' efforts ahead of the deployment, due to begin later this
month, have included meetings with Haitians in the United States, as
well as evangelical counterparts, U.S. government officials and even
Haiti's most notorious gang leader, Jimmy "Barbecue" Cherizier.
"We believe that we are a tool that God will use to help," said Serge
Musasilwa, an evangelical pastor in Kenya involved in the initiative. A
sociologist by training, Musasilwa said he has worked on conflict
resolution in his native Democratic Republic of Congo and several other
African countries.
People involved in the initiative say the relationships forged with
Haitian communities will help the Kenyan-led multinational force avoid
the mistakes of foreign interventions in Haiti in recent decades.
Besides failing to stabilize Haiti, those missions left behind legacies
of human rights abuses and disease, most infamously a cholera outbreak
believed to have been introduced by Nepali U.N. peacekeepers in 2010.
A U.N.-appointed panel concluded a peacekeepers' camp was the likely
source of the cholera epidemic, which killed about 10,000 Haitians. The
U.N. has not accepted legal responsibility.
"The more you're connected to the population, the more you can format
the kind of intervention you're going to lead," said Daniel Jean-Louis,
the president of the Baptist Haiti Mission, which has worked with the
Kenyan pastors.
"This is one of the reasons why all the previous missions failed."
The U.N. has said it left the country relatively stable when a 13-year
peacekeeping mission withdrew from Haiti in 2017. A U.N. peacekeeping
spokesperson said the mission had worked in close partnership with civil
society and community-based organizations to reduce violence and improve
municipal governance.
Not everyone is convinced by the Kenyan pastors' strategy. Evangelicals
themselves have a complex history in Haiti, where they have poured
resources into humanitarian projects but also faced criticism for
ethical scandals, including alleged child trafficking by some
missionaries after a devastating 2010 earthquake, and for preaching
intolerance of local spiritual practices.
Pierre Espérance, Executive Director of the National Human Rights
Defense Network in Haiti, said Kenya should stick to its security
mandate, calling the outreach to gang leaders an insult to their
victims.
"It's not a question of the gospel (or) praying with gangs that will
resolve problems," he told Reuters.
'FAITH DIPLOMACY'
Ruto and his wife wear their faith very publicly. They have involved
evangelical leaders in matters of state, including through the First
Lady's "faith diplomacy" program, which enlists religious leaders to
support social initiatives.
While meeting in March with evangelical pastors at the Weston Hotel in
Nairobi, Rachel Ruto dropped by a separate event in the same building
and explained the group was working on a "spiritual solution" for Haiti.
"We cannot allow our police to go to Haiti without prayer," she said,
according to video from The Star, a Kenyan newspaper.
The pastors' close involvement in Haiti policy provides some insight
into President Ruto's commitment to the mission, which has remained
unwavering despite repeated delays and vocal opposition from many
prominent Kenyans.
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Davis Kisotu, Serge Musasilwa, Daniel Jean Louis, Fred Eppright,
Rachel Ruto, John Braland, Matt Eppright and Julius Suubi pose for a
photograph in Austin, Texas, U.S. in this picture released on May
24, 2024. Fred Eppright/Handout via REUTERS
Evangelicals have long taken an interest in Haiti due to the
magnitude of its humanitarian crisis and concerns about traditional
Vodou beliefs that some see as Satanic. Haiti is the least developed
country in the Western Hemisphere, according to the U.N., and is
facing surging gang violence that killed more than 1,500 people in
the first three months of this year.
"I think that first and foremost it's an expression of their faith,"
said Pete Inman, an American businessman and evangelical close to
the Rutos. He added there was also a strategic motivation for the
mission because it bolstered ties to the U.S., the mission's main
financial backer.
In public remarks, the president has cited a moral responsibility to
Haiti's African-descended population.
Inman said he connected Musasilwa with Fred Eppright, who leads the
Haiti Baptist Mission's U.S. arm, after Ruto announced the mission.
Musasilwa visited Eppright in Austin, Texas late last year and then
invited him and several of his colleagues in March to Nairobi, the
two men said.
There, over four days at the upscale Weston Hotel, Jean-Louis,
Eppright and two other American evangelicals prayed and strategized
with four Kenyan pastors before being joined on the last day by
Rachel Ruto.
"It was a four-day deep dive into how they would do the
involvement," said Eppright.
The group drafted a white paper that Rachel Ruto presented to her
husband a few days later, he said. Jean-Louis said the proposals
addressed four topics: law and order, the humanitarian situation,
political leadership and a spiritual component.
The next month, Rachel Ruto and three of the pastors travelled to
Austin and Miami, where they met with evangelicals, members of the
Haitian diaspora and police department leaders.
Haitian diaspora members made proposals to be conveyed to President
Ruto, covering everything from legal authority for the mission to
its duration, Jean-Louis said. Reuters could not determine whether
their recommendations were delivered to the president.
SPIRITUAL ISSUES
While in the United States, the Kenyan pastors held a Zoom call with
Haitian gang leaders, including Barbecue, a former police officer
who says he leads an alliance of major gangs called Viv Ansanm.
Musasilwa led the conversation. He declined to go into details, but
it left him with hope the conflict could be resolved peacefully, he
said.
"This guy might be a devil, but there is something that we can build
on," Musasilwa added.
Reuters was unable to reach Barbecue for comment.
Musasilwa said he has also met with U.S. State Department officials.
The State Department declined to comment.
For all their focus on the practical aspects of the deployment,
Musasilwa and another pastor, Julius Suubi, said they were convinced
Haiti's problems were primarily spiritual.
According to government figures, about 2% of Haitians identify as
adherents of Vodou, which combines a belief in a single god with the
worship of spirits.
Many more practice Vodou traditions alongside other religions, said
Kyrah Malika Daniels, an assistant professor of African American
Studies at Emory University in Atlanta.
In March, Kenyan pastors launched a global prayer campaign for Haiti
and drafted a 134-page, 40-day prayer guide. Several of the days'
prayers focus specifically on Vodou, which they referred to by an
alternate spelling.
"We ask You father to utterly destroy every Voodoo curse of death
that we have," states one.
(Additional reporting by Harold Isaac in Port-au-Prince; Editing by
Daniel Flynn)
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