UK economy picks up in early 2024, too late for election boost
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[June 28, 2024] By
David Milliken
LONDON (Reuters) -Britain's economy pulled out of recession at a faster
pace than previously thought in the first three months of this year,
revised official data showed on Friday, but the broader economic
backdrop remains fragile ahead of next week's election.
British gross domestic product expanded by 0.7% from the previous
quarter, above an initial estimate of 0.6% growth, the Office for
National Statistics said. GDP fell for two quarters in a row in the
second half of 2023.
The figures come less than a week before Britons vote in an election
that opinion polls suggest the Labour Party, led by Keir Starmer, looks
set to win comfortably over the Conservative Party of Prime Minister
Rishi Sunak.
The longer-term growth picture is weak, contributing to Sunak's
electoral difficulties. First-quarter gross domestic product was just
0.3% higher than a year earlier, above an initial estimate of 0.2%.
Real household disposable income - a measure of living standards - was
0.6% lower per head in the first quarter of 2024 than it was in the
final quarter of 2019, the time of Britain's last national election and
just before the COVID-19 pandemic.
"Income growth over the parliament so far has been worse than in any
other since the 1950s, and the third worst in post-Edwardian Britain,"
said Adam Corlett, principal economist at the Resolution Foundation,
referring to the period since 1910.
"Addressing this great living standards slowdown is the ultimate test
for whomever wins the election," he added.
Britain's economy has struggled since its last election, hurt not just
by the pandemic - which dealt a lasting blow to the labour force - but
also by a surge in inflation after Russia's invasion of Ukraine and
post-Brexit trade frictions.
Britain's economy in the first quarter of 2024 was 1.8% larger than in
the final quarter of 2019, the weakest performer after Germany among the
world's seven largest advanced economies - though neither France nor
Japan have done much better.
SOLID START TO 2024, TOUGHER OUTLOOK
Britain's growth in the first quarter was its fastest since the final
quarter of 2021 and the second quarter looks solid too. Last week the
Bank of England estimated GDP would expand by 0.5% in the April-to-June
period.
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A drone view of the River Thames and Tower Bridge in London,
Britain, June 9, 2024. REUTERS/Yann Tessier/file photo
There was some relief for households in Friday's data. Real
household disposable income per head has risen by 2.4% over the past
year, helped by unusually fast wage growth as employers scramble to
hire and retain staff amid a shortage of candidates.
GDP per head, a longer-term driver of living standards, increased on
a quarterly basis for the first time in two years - although it
remains 0.6% lower than a year ago.
However, the BoE regards robust first-half growth as likely to be a
rebound from last year's weakness rather than the start of a period
of strong growth, and it thinks the underlying rate of expansion in
the economy is somewhere around 0.25% a quarter.
The government's budget forecasters have a higher growth outlook
than most analysts. In March, they predicted annual growth would
pick up from 0.8% this year to just under 2% over the coming years.
Labour's Starmer has said even this relatively high estimate is too
pessimistic and that he will ensure Britain has the highest
sustained growth in the G7 with reforms including an easing of
planning controls to speed up the building of infrastructure and 1.5
million new homes.
Britain has not grown faster than 2% a year on a regular basis since
before the 2008 global financial crisis.
Economists view this as reflecting a slowdown in the growth rate of
output per hour worked - also known as productivity - which happened
in many Western economies but especially in Britain, due in part to
weak investment.
Data from the ONS published on Friday showed total foreign direct
investment in Britain fell for the fifth quarter out of the last six
in the January-to-March period.
(Reporting by David Milliken; editing by William James, William
Schomberg and Alex Richardson)
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