That exemption became a target of criminal justice advocates who
are concerned about prison labor conditions. People who are
incarcerated are often paid less than $1 an hour to fight fires,
clean cells and do landscaping work at cemeteries.
The initiative was included in a package of reparations
proposals introduced by lawmakers as part of an effort to atone
and offer redress for a history of racism and discrimination
against Black Californians.
Several other states, including Alabama, Oregon, Tennessee and
Vermont, have in recent years approved constitutional amendments
removing slavery and involuntary servitude exceptions.
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