Prison operator under federal scrutiny spent millions settling Tennessee
mistreatment claims
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[October 14, 2024]
By JONATHAN MATTISE, TRAVIS LOLLER and KRISTIN M. HALL
NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP) — The leading private prison company in the U.S.
has spent more than $4.4 million to settle dozens of complaints alleging
mistreatment — including at least 22 inmate deaths — at its Tennessee
prisons and jails since 2016.
More than $1.1 million of those payouts involved Tennessee's largest
prison, the long-scrutinized Trousdale Turner Correctional Center, which
is now under federal investigation.
Details of nearly 80 settlements provided to The Associated Press
through public records requests allege brutal beatings, medical neglect
and cruelty at CoreCivic's four prisons and two jails in Tennessee.
In one case, a Trousdale inmate who feared for his life beat his
cellmate, Terry Childress, to death to get transferred to a different
prison, the federal lawsuit says. No guards came to Childress' aid at
the chronically understaffed facility, the suit claims. Childress'
family received a $135,000 settlement.
The family's attorney, Daniel Horwitz, was ordered by a judge to stop
publicly disparaging CoreCivic and to take down tweets calling it a
“death factory.” He is suing over the gag order.
The U.S. Department of Justice recently announced an investigation of
Trousdale, noting that reports of violence have been endemic since its
2016 opening. The investigation comes after years of well-documented
“reports of physical assaults, sexual assaults, murders and unchecked
flow of contraband and severe staffing shortages,” U.S. Attorney Henry
Leventis has said.
“It does certainly appear as though settling lawsuits is a cost of doing
business, rather than an alarm, a wake-up call, a siren,” said Mary
Price, general counsel of Families Against Mandatory Minimums, which
advocated for the Trousdale investigation.
CoreCivic, headquartered in Brentwood, Tenn., has a value of $1.44
billion as measured by market capitalization.
Many took a long road to a small settlement
Surviving inmates or grieving families have often fought for years to
reach settlements. Some advocated publicly for their cases, speaking to
news outlets and participating in demonstrations. But accepting a
settlement generally required quieting down. And, typical of settlements
across industries, CoreCivic did not admit any wrongdoing.
The largest settlement was for $900,000 over a South Central
Correctional Facility inmate’s suicide where staff falsified records.
Three others were for about $300,000 apiece.
But those payouts were the exception. Half the settlements were for
$12,500 or less. Some involved no money at all.
“In a lot of these cases, unfortunately, victims and family members of
victims are in this position to choose between some amount of money,
which is probably more than they’ve seen in a long time, or speaking
their truth and sharing their stories and really being able to do
something that brings this to an end,” said Ashley Dixon, a
whistleblower who worked less than a year as a Trousdale corrections
officer.
A CoreCivic spokesperson, Ryan Gustin, declined to comment on specific
settlements, saying most have confidentiality terms. He said the
corrections industry generally has had staffing issues and pointed to
CoreCivic's hiring incentives and strategies to backfill with workers
from other facilities nationally. He said CoreCivic facilities offer
“comprehensive medical and mental health care” and are closely monitored
by the state.
The settlements make up a fraction of the lawsuits CoreCivic has faced
over its Tennessee facilities. The 22 death settlements are also only a
fraction of the 300-plus deaths in the four CoreCivic prisons since
2016.
More than half the hundreds of deaths were deemed natural, including
Jonathan Salada, who lay on his cell floor at Trousdale crying in pain
after being denied diabetes medication, according to a 2018 lawsuit. He
was taken to the infirmary but returned to his cell twice before being
found unconscious three days later and pronounced dead at the hospital.
The lawsuit was settled for $50,000.
‘I feel unsafe at all times’
The settled lawsuits claim that even critical staff positions are
sometimes unfilled at CoreCivic prisons, leaving inmates unprotected and
unable to get help when attacked.
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Trousdale Turner Correctional Center operated by CoreCivic is seen
Thursday, Aug. 29, 2024, in Hartsville, Tenn. (AP Photo/George
Walker IV)
Adrian Delk received a $120,000 settlement after seven gang members
nearly beat him to death for “between 20 minutes and one hour” with
no one to intervene at Hardeman in 2016, according to his lawsuit.
He was later stabbed and beaten again, suffering several permanent
injuries.
Prison workers are not immune from the violence. At Trousdale in
2019, a counselor lost an eye and suffered other permanent injuries
when an inmate attacked her with a homemade knife and raped her.
Officials had withheld the inmate's antipsychotic medication as
punishment for illegal drug use.
In a 2023 state audit, a guard noted: “While at Trousdale, I feel
unsafe at all times.”
Leventis, the U.S. attorney, noted that Tennessee has known of
problems at its CoreCivic facilities. The state’s corrections agency
has fined CoreCivic $37.7 million across four prisons since 2016,
including $11.1 million for problems at Trousdale. The violations
include failures to meet staffing requirements. The state
comptroller released scathing audits in 2017, 2020 and 2023.
Yet state leaders have consistently downplayed the problems and
renewed contracts with CoreCivic, a company that figures prominently
in political spending. Tennessee is CoreCivic’s largest state
customer, accounting for 10% of total revenue in 2023, according to
a corporate filing. CEO Damon Hininger has even floated running for
governor in 2026.
“CoreCivic has been a very important partner to the state,”
Republican Gov. Bill Lee told reporters after the Trousdale
investigation announcement.
When Dixon, the former Trousdale guard, testified to state lawmakers
in 2017 about the deaths of Salada and a second prisoner, Jeff Mihm,
the committee chairman tried to cut her off at a two-minute limit.
“She just told you about a death in one of our facilities, and we're
going to cut her off?” replied Democratic Rep. Bo Mitchell,
prompting applause.
Mihm also had been denied psychiatric medication and treatment at
Trousdale and killed himself in 2017, according to a lawsuit that
eventually settled for $5,000.
“I think it’s very sad that it’s a small amount that they receive,
because those people’s lives were worth much more than that,” Dixon
told the AP after learning about the settlements.
Lack of medical care played a role
Many of the settled cases claim inmates were denied basic preventive
care — diabetes medication, an inhaler, a walking cane, seizure
drugs. Often the inmates were either not allowed to see a provider
or the provider dismissed their concerns, the suits claim. They
describe horrifying outcomes, including deaths from undiagnosed
cancers and pneumonia, a suicide, a leg amputation and a brain
injury.
At the Metro-Davidson County Detention Facility, Belinda Cockrill
had extreme abdominal pain for months, unable to keep food down and
losing more than 30 pounds (13.6 kilograms), but was treated
primarily with diarrhea medication, according to a 2016 federal
lawsuit brought by her mother.
Cockrill eventually became unresponsive and was rushed to the
hospital, where she went into cardiac arrest and died. Only then was
it discovered she had rectal cancer that spread to several organs.
Cockrill's mother received a $45,000 settlement.
Kathy Spurgeon’s son Adam died in November when he developed an
infection after heart surgery while an inmate at Trousdale. Spurgeon
said she was misled about her son's condition and he was denied
medication, despite her requests.
Spurgeon didn’t sue CoreCivic because she feared retribution against
her other son, Millard, who was moved to Trousdale after Adam’s
death. She said prison gang members called, threatening to hurt
Millard if she didn’t pay thousands in protection money, which she
did.
“I couldn’t take a chance on getting my son killed,” Spurgeon said.
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