General Motors swings to fourth quarter loss on toughening China conditions, but tops expectations

[January 29, 2025]  By MICHELLE CHAPMAN

General Motors swung to a loss in the fourth quarter on an increasingly difficult environment in China, but still topped profit and revenue expectations on Wall Street. The automaker is also taking a proactive approach with the United States government on regulations and doling out generous profit-sharing payouts to thousands of workers.

Last month GM cautioned that the poor performance of its Chinese joint ventures would force it to write down assets and take a restructuring charge totaling more than $5 billion in the fourth quarter.

China has become an increasingly difficult market for foreign automakers, with BYD and other domestic companies raising the quality of their vehicles and reducing costs. The country has subsidized its automakers.

For the three months ended Dec. 31, GM lost $2.96 billion, or $1.64 per share. A year earlier the company earned $2.1 billion, or $1.59 per share.

Stripping out the charges and other items, GM earned $1.92 per share in the quarter. That topped the $1.85 per share that analysts surveyed by FactSet predicted.

Revenue climbed to $47.7 billion from $42.98 billion, beating Wall Street's estimate of $44.98 billion.

In a letter to shareholders, CEO Mary Barra said that GM doubled its electric vehicle market share over the course of 2024 as it scaled production. She noted that China had positive equity income in the fourth quarter before restructuring costs and that GM is taking steps with its partner to improve from there.

In the U.S., Barra said that hourly employees once again earned the industry’s highest profit sharing, totaling more than $640 million. Workers will receive a payout of up to $14,500 per person, which Barra said is equal to more than two months of extra pay on average for its United Auto Workers-represented employees.

Barra said that while there's uncertainty over trade, tax, and environmental regulations in the United States, GM has been proactive with Congress and the administration of President Donald Trump.

“In our conversations, we have stressed the importance of a strong manufacturing sector and American leadership in advanced technologies,” she said. “It’s clear that we share a lot of common ground, and we appreciate the dialogue.”

A 2024 Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD Custom truck is shown at the Pittsburgh International Auto Show in Pittsburgh, Feb. 15, 2024. (AP Photo/Gene J. Puskar, File)

Trump has made lower gasoline prices one of his key strategies for tackling inflation, but tariffs on Canada could drive up prices at the pump unless Trump creates carveouts in his plan. He's also eyeing tariffs on Mexico and new taxes on China and other countries. Companies in the transportation and automotive sectors could be hard-hit by tariffs because many have operations in Canada and Mexico.

But Barra sees the situation working itself out.

“We believe the President wants to use policy and regulations in ways that will strengthen, not harm, domestic manufacturers like GM,” Barra said during a conference call, “We look forward to continuing to work with the President and his team as they consider how to strike the right balance on these important issues.”

In regards to tariffs, Barra said that GM is working across its supply chain logistics network and assembly plants so that it's ready to mitigate near-term impacts.

“Many of these actions are no cost or low cost,” she said during the call. “What we won't do is spend a large amount of capital without clarity.”

Barra noted that regardless of what happens in the U.S., GM has “a broad and deep portfolio of ICE vehicles and EVs that are both growing market share, and we’ll be agile and execute as efficiently as possible.”

Wedbush's Dan Ives said in a note to clients that GM delivered a strong end to 2024 and is continuing to see major benefits from its investments.

“We believe this was another major step in the right direction as management continues to navigate the choppy waters in this EV macro while the turnaround story for GM continues with management successfully balancing production and profitability to generate durable profitable growth over the coming years,” Ives wrote.

This year, GM will offer three new Cadillac EVs: the Escalade IQ, Optiq and Vistiq. Barra said that the automaker will also see the full-year impact of new gas-powered SUVs launched in 2024, which includes the Chevrolet Equinox, Chevrolet Traverse and GMC Acadia.

Looking ahead, GM anticipates 2025 adjusted earnings in a range of $11 to $12 per share. Analysts surveyed by FactSet had been projecting $10.86 per share.

Shares declined 9% Tuesday.

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