Loretta Swit, Emmy-winner who played Maj. Houlihan on pioneering series
'M.A.S.H.,' has died at 87
[May 31, 2025]
By MARK KENNEDY
NEW YORK (AP) — Loretta Swit, who won two Emmy Awards playing Maj.
Margaret Houlihan, the demanding head nurse of a behind-the-lines
surgical unit during the Korean War on the pioneering hit TV series “M.A.S.H.,”
has died. She was 87.
Publicist Harlan Boll says Swit died Friday at her home in New York
City, likely from natural causes.
Swit and Alan Alda were the longest-serving cast members on “M.A.S.H.,”
which was based on Robert Altman’s 1970 film, which was itself based on
a novel by Richard Hooker, the pseudonym of H. Richard Hornberger.
The CBS show aired for 11 years from 1972 to 1983, revolving around life
at the 4077th Mobile Army Surgical Hospital, which gave the show its
name. The two-and-a-half-hour finale on Feb. 28, 1983, lured over 100
million viewers, the most-watched episode of any scripted series ever.
Rolling Stone magazine put “M.A.S.H.” at No. 25 of the best TV shows of
all time, while Time Out put it at No. 34. It won the Impact Award at
the 2009 TV Land annual awards. It won a Peabody Award in 1975 “for the
depth of its humor and the manner in which comedy is used to lift the
spirit and, as well, to offer a profound statement on the nature of
war.”
Swit transforms the character of Houlihan
In Altman’s 1970 film, Houlihan was a one-dimensional character — a
prickly, rules-bound head nurse who was regularly tormented by male
colleagues, who gave her the nickname “Hot Lips.” Her intimate moments
were broadcast to the entire camp after somebody planted a microphone
under her bed.
Sally Kellerman played Houlihan in the movie version and Swit took it
over for TV, eventually deepening and creating her into a much fuller
character. Her sexuality was played down and she wasn’t even called “Hot
Lips” in the later years.
The growing awareness of feminism in the ’70s spurred Houlihan’s
transformation from caricature to real person, but a lot of the change
was due to Swit’s influence on the scriptwriters.
“Around the second or third year I decided to try to play her as a real
person, in an intelligent fashion, even if it meant hurting the jokes,”
Swit told Suzy Kalter, author of “The Complete Book of ‘M.A.S.H.’”
“To oversimplify it, I took each traumatic change that happened in her
life and kept it. I didn’t go into the next episode as if it were a
different character in a different play. She was a character in constant
flux; she never stopped developing.”
Alda praised Swit as a “supremely talented actor” in a post on X. “She
worked hard In showing the writing staff how they could turn the
character from a one joke sexist stereotype into a real person — with
real feelings and ambitions. We celebrated the day the script came out
listing her character not as Hot Lips, but as Margaret. Loretta made the
most of her time here.”
“M.A.S.H.” wasn’t an instant hit. It finished its first season in 46th
place, out of 75 network TV series, but it nabbed nine Emmy nominations.
It was rewarded with a better time slot for its sophomore season, paired
on Saturday nights with “All in the Family,” then TV’s highest-rated
show. At the 1974 Emmys, it was crowned best comedy, with Alda winning
as best comedy actor.
The series also survived despite cast churn. In addition to Swit and
Alda, the first season featured Wayne Rogers, McLean Stevenson, Larry
Linville and Gary Burghoff. Harry Morgan, Mike Farrell and David Ogden
Stiers would later be added, while Jamie Farr and William Christopher
had expanded roles.
“Loretta Swit’s portrayal of Margaret ‘Hot Lips’ Houlihan was
groundbreaking — bringing heart, humor, and strength to one of
television comedy’s most enduring roles. Her talent extended well beyond
that iconic character, with acclaimed work on both stage and screen that
showcased her intelligence, versatility, and passion," National Comedy
Center Executive Director Journey Gunderson said in a statement.
'More of a real person'
Swit appeared in all but 11 episodes of the series, nearly four times
longer than the Korean War itself, exploring issues like PTSD, sexism
and racism. Swit pushed for a better representation for women.
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Actress Loretta Swit arrives at the Academy of Television Arts &
Sciences' 3rd Annual Television Academy Honors in Beverly Hills,
Calif., Wednesday, May 5, 2010. (AP Photo/Chris Pizzello, File)
 “One of the things I liked, with
Loretta’s prodding, was every time I had a chance to write for her
character, we’d get away from the Hot Lips angle and find out more
about who Margaret was. She became more of a real person,” Alda told
The Hollywood Reporter in 2018.
The series ended on a happy note for Houlihan, who spends much of
the finale debating whether she wants to head to Tokyo or Belgium
for her next overseas post. Ultimately she opts to return to America
and work at a hospital, citing her father — a career Army man.
Swit didn’t personally agree that was the correct decision for a
military-minded official: “I didn’t think that was correct for my
Margaret,” she told Yahoo Entertainment in 2023. “I think her next
move was Vietnam. So I didn’t agree with that, but that’s what they
wanted her to do.”
But the actor did get to write the speech that Houlihan delivers to
her fellow nurses on their final night together, in which she says:
“It’s been an honor and privilege to have worked with you. And I’m
very, very proud to have known you.”
“I was consumed with writing that. And I still get letters from
women all over the world who became nurses because of Margaret
Houlihan. To have contributed to someone’s life like that is
remarkable,” she told Yahoo Entertainment.
During her run, Houlihan had an affair with Hawkeye’s foil, the
bumbling Frank Burns, played by Linville in the TV version, and in
Season 5, Houlihan returns from a stay in Tokyo engaged to a
handsome lieutenant colonel, a storyline that Swit says she
advocated for with the writers.
“I told them: ‘Can you imagine what fun you’re going to have with
Larry when I come back to town and I tell him I’m engaged? He’ll rip
the doors off of the mess tent!’ And that’s exactly what they had
him do. So we were all of the same mind.”
Toward the end, Swit was tempted to leave the show. She played the
role of Chris Cagney in a 1981 television movie, “Cagney & Lacey,”
and was offered the part when it was picked up as a midseason series
for the spring of 1982. But producers insisted she stay with “M.A.S.H.”
for its last two seasons.
Swit told The Florida Times-Union in 2010 she might have stayed with
“M.A.S.H.” anyway. “You can’t help but get better as an actor
working with scripts like that,” she said. “If you’re in something
that literate, well, we got spoiled.”
In 2022, James Poniewozik, The New York Times’s chief television
critic, looked back on the show and said it held up well: “Its blend
of madcap comedy and pitch-dark drama — the laughs amplifying the
serious stakes, and vice versa — is recognizable in today’s
dramedies, from ‘Better Things’ to ‘Barry,’ that work in the DMZ
between laughter and sadness.”
After the TV series, Swit became a vocal animal welfare activist,
selling SwitHeart perfume and her memoir through her official
website, with proceeds benefiting various animal-related nonprofit
groups.
In 1983, she married actor Dennis Holahan, whom she’d met when he
was a guest star on “M.A.S.H.” They divorced in 1995.
Swit was born in New Jersey
Born in Passaic, New Jersey, the daughter of Polish immigrants, Swit
enrolled in the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, then paid her
dues for years in touring productions.
In 1969, she arrived in Hollywood and was soon seen in series such
as “Gunsmoke,” “Hawaii Five-O,” “Mission Impossible” and “Bonanza.”
Then in 1972, she got her big break when she was asked to audition
for the role of “Hot Lips.”
She would regularly return to theater, starring on Broadway in 1975
in “Same Time, Next Year” and “The Mystery of Edwin Drood” in 1986.
She was in “Amorous Crossing,” a romantic comedy, at Alhambra
Theatre & Dining in 2010 and in North Carolina Theatre’s production
of “Mame” in 2003.
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