Trump's vaccine plan would require millions of individual shots last
used decades ago
[August 14, 2026]
By MATTHEW PERRONE
WASHINGTON (AP) — Public health experts have been quick to condemn an
executive order from President Donald Trump aimed at upending childhood
vaccinations in the U.S., but the biggest obstacles may be the
unprecedented financial and logistical challenges it would impose on
parents, health providers and drugmakers.
Monday’s announcement by the Republican president calls for separating
combination shots — including the measles, mumps and rubella, or MMR,
vaccine — into separate injections. Appointments for that and other
vaccinations should be spaced out whenever possible, the order states.
To accomplish that, drugmakers would need to revive a slate of
individual vaccines that have not been widely used in the U.S. for
decades. They would also have to build new manufacturing plants capable
of producing millions more vaccine doses than the nation currently uses.
For parents, unbundling the MMR vaccine and spacing out the shots would
mean returning to the doctor’s office many more times than is currently
needed. Those appointments could also strain pediatricians who typically
administer the shots, while driving up costs tied to syringes and other
medical supplies.
Studies in the U.S. and other countries have shown that combination
vaccines increase the likelihood that children will be fully protected
from infectious diseases before starting school.
Health experts say there is no scientific basis for changing course.
“We do things that are less convenient and more expensive if there’s a
good reason to do it,” said Dr. Anna Durbin, of the Johns Hopkins
Bloomberg School of Public Health. “There is no good justification for
this. I think it’s very bad public health policy.”
Trump's plan would require vaccine manufacturing overhaul
Under Trump's executive order, federal officials are instructed to
develop within 90 days plans for breaking up the MMR shot and spacing
out other vaccines.
But pharmaceutical scientists and former regulators say those changes
would likely take years and require drugmakers to spend tens of millions
of dollars on new studies and manufacturing facilities.
Currently, there are no individual vaccines in the U.S. for measles,
mumps or rubella. All the vaccines approved for those viruses by the
Food and Drug Administration are combination shots. That three-in-one
approach has been the standard in the U.S. since the 1970s.
Dr. Jesse Goodman, a former FDA vaccine chief, said companies may have
to conduct large studies showing their new individual shots produce
immune system-boosting reactions in children similar to the current
versions. The specifics would depend upon the quality of data from the
original standalone vaccines and how it's viewed by FDA regulators.
“The question is how much has changed since then and how comfortable
will the FDA and the companies be relying on those comparisons?” said
Goodman, who is now a professor at Georgetown University.
Manufacturers may also have to demonstrate the safety of new
manufacturing facilities and procedures, given that individual measles
shots haven’t been widely produced in the U.S. for decades.
Designing, constructing and getting federal sign-off for new vaccine
plants typically takes about five years, according to industry experts.
Additionally, Goodman said the FDA would have to review and license each
unbundled vaccine separately, a process with no precedent.
“I don’t think there’s any comparable example of removing hugely
effective public health measures that protect babies for no documented
scientific reason,” he said.
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 Individual shots for measles and
related diseases tend to be used by lower-income countries that
can’t afford the MMR shot. Merck, GSK and the handful of other
companies that supply U.S. childhood vaccines make only the
combination shot.
In separate statements, Merck and GSK said they stand by the safety
and effectiveness of their products. Neither discussed plans to
unbundle their shots.
“To date, there has been no published scientific evidence that shows
any benefit in separating the combination MMR vaccine into three
individual shots,” Merck said in an emailed statement.
Parents would need to make many more trips to the doctor
The MMR shot is currently delivered in two doses — the first at the
age of 1 and the second dose after age 4. Splitting up the shot into
its three separate components would mean six office visits. Spacing
out other shots for pertussis and other infectious diseases could
multiply the number of visits many more times.
As the number of visits goes up, parents are more likely to miss
appointments or stop making them, according to Durbin.
“It’s going to be less convenient, more expensive and you’re going
to have fewer people getting vaccinated,” she said.
For well over a decade, Trump has expressed his view — against
medical groups’ guidance — that American children receive too many
vaccines and that they should be given in smaller doses over a
longer period of time. Last year he called on called on Health
Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to look at reducing the number.
Kennedy and other officials have pointed to smaller countries, such
as Denmark, that recommended slightly fewer vaccinations than the
U.S.
But breaking up combination shots will result in kids receiving many
more individual shots than other comparable nations, Durbin notes.
White House spokesman Kush Desai said the Trump administration’s
efforts on the MMR vaccine “will give parents more options on timing
and frequency for their children, which ultimately will increase
vaccination rates for all three diseases.”
Vaccine order is not legally binding
Despite the precedent-breaking nature of Trump’s order, some experts
are skeptical it will result in meaningful changes.
Neither the White House nor the FDA can compel drugmakers to develop
and seek approval for new vaccines. And from a business perspective,
companies have little incentive to develop individual versions of
vaccines they already sell in combination shots.
“They’d be competing against themselves, and there’s no reason to do
that,” said Dr. Paul Offit, a Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
vaccine researcher and former government adviser.
While Trump’s order calls for more federal research and
recommendations, only state governments have the legal authority to
require vaccinations for schoolchildren. The order simply advises
states to consider updating their laws to reflect the Trump
administration’s approach.
“I think states will ignore this,” Offit said. “I think that bottom
line is that we don’t need to look to Donald Trump for our medical
advice.”
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